Effects of Straw Returning on Yield and Growth Characteristics of Maize in the First Year in Eastern Liaoning Province
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of straw returning on the maize growth characteristics and matter accumulation dynamics in eastern Liaoning Province.A split-plot field experiment was designed with straw returning and nitrogen as the two factors,to analyze the impact of straw returning on dry matter accumulation,nitrogen uptake,and utilization.The results showed that,in the first year of straw returning,the yield reduced 10％,while the spike number and kernels per ears decreased by 3.0％and 6.3％,respectively.Additionally,the empty stem rate increased by 31.3％,and the LAI of plants decreased by 8.4％,0.8％and 4.2％,during the period from 12-Leaves to Mid-filling stage.The findings indicated that compared to the control group,the straw returning treatment resulted in a reduction of 3.0％-5.0％in the dry matter accumulation and 4.5％-7.5％in the nitrogen accumulation during the entire growth stages.Furthermore,the nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),nitrogen partial productivity(PF-PN),and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen(AEN)were all decreased.These results suggested that in eastern Liaoning province,the first year of straw returning increased the empty stem rate,which was not conductive to the formation of spike number and kernels per ear.The decrease in LAI,AEN,PFPN and AEN values resulted in restricted uptake and utilization of photosynthesis,nitrogen,and thus reduced the increase of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation,leading to a reduction in maize yield.
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