摘要
为探究不同改良剂下甜高粱对镉污染土壤的修复效应,本文以镉污染农田土壤为研究对象,设置不施改良剂处理(CK)、单施生物炭处理(BC)、单施羟基磷灰石处理(HAP)及配施生物炭+羟基磷灰石复合处理(BC+HAP)的盆栽试验.结果表明:与CK相比,BC、HAP和BC+HAP均增强了甜高粱过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,调控了矿质营养氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)元素的吸收(尤其是磷),提高了土壤pH值.与CK相比,BC、HAP、BC+HAP地上部和根系干重分别增加了 11.33％、35.48％、18.81％和 13.31％、34.47％、29.88％,HAP 的促生效果显著优于 BC.BC、HAP、BC+HAP均增大了甜高粱植株镉含量和吸收量,显著提高了其对土壤中镉的去除能力,BC、HAP、BC+HAP地上部和根系单位质量镉提取量分别增加了 75.51％、59.12％、47.09％和34.93％、56.20％、23.75％.BC、BC+HAP显著提高了甜高粱的镉转移系数,HAP对甜高粱的镉转移系数无显著影响.综上,单一或复合施加生物炭、羟基磷灰石均能强化甜高粱修复镉污染土壤效率,单施生物炭效果最好,具有更大的应用潜力.
Abstract
This paper aimed to study the effects of different soil amendments on the Cd phytoremediation effect of sweet sorghum.Pot experiments consisting of no amendment(CK),a single application of biochar(BC),hydroxyapatite(HAP),and combined biochar+hydroxyapatite(BC+HAP)were performed by the cadmium-contaminated farmland soil.The results showed that BC,HAP and BC+HAP all enhanced the peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and catalase(CAT)activities of sweet sorghum,regulated the absorption of mineral nutrients nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K),especially P,and increased soil pH.Com-pared with CK,the BC,HAP,and BC+HAP groups showed increased shoot(by 11.33％,35.48％and 18.81％,respectively)and root(by 13.31％,34.47％and 29.88％,respectively)dry weights,and the growth-promoting effect of HAP was significantly better than those of BC.BC,HAP and BC+HAP all increased the cadmium content and absorption of sweet sorghum,significantly improv-ing their cadmium removal ability from the soil.The BC,HAP and BC+HAP groups showed increased shoot(by 75.51％,59.12％and 47.09％,respectively)and root(by 34.93％,56.20％and 23.75％,respectively)unit mass cadmium extraction.BC and BC+HAP significantly increased the cadmium transfer coefficient of sweet sorghum,while HAP had no significant effect on the cadmium transfer coefficient of sweet sorghum.In conclusion,the single or combined application of biochar and hydroxyapatite all could en-hance the efficiency of sweet sorghum to phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil.The single application of biochar obtained the best effect,demonstrating greater potential for practical application.
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