Examination of Toynbee's Historical View in A Study of History and His Historical Theory
Toynbee is one of the great historians of the 20th century in Britain.His representative work,A Study of History,has great influence on the historical circle which consists of 12 volumes and took 40 years to com-plete.Reviewing Toynbee's view of history today in the 21st century,his theory of"challenge and response"is still of practical significance,which was put forward based on his reflection on the shortcomings of previous historical views,Hume's view of cause and effect and the ancient Chinese concept of Yin and Yang,and was conveyed per-fectly through literary images.This new cognitive mode,reexamining the long-standing western historical view of binary opposition,is the key to unlock the origin of human civilization.Toynbee's historical theory has its short-comings such as the theoretical contradiction of industrialization thinking,ignorance of the importance of historical documents and less knowledge of traditional Chinese thought.
ToynbeeA Study of Historybinary oppositiontheory of challenge and responsehistorical theory
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