Response of Soil Chemical Characteristics to Grass-crop Rotation Combinations
[Objective]To investigate the response of soil chemical characteristics to various grass-crop rotation combinations.[Methods]In accordance with the crop planting practices in the study area,six crops were selected as research subjects:three economic crops(corn,sunflower,and potato)and three forage crops(alfalfa,millet straw,and sorghum-sudan grass).Five rotation combinations were established as follows:T1(alfalfa-sunflower-sunflower-potato-corn);T2(millet straw-potato-millet straw-millet straw-sunflower);T3(alfalfa-alfalfa-potato-corn-sunflower);T4(sorghum-sudan grass-potato-corn-sunflower-corn);and T5(potato-millet straw-sunflower-potato-millet straw).Field experiments were conducted over a five-year period in Darhan Muminggan United Banner,Baotou City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The primary chemical properties of soil at depths of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm,and 20-30 cm were compared and analyzed under different rotation regimes.[Results]In the 0-10 cm soil layer,the T4 combination exhibited significantly higher(P＜0.05)levels of total nitrogen,available potassium,inorganic carbon,and total sulfur compared to other combinations.The organic carbon content was highest in the T3 combination and significantly higher(P＜0.05)than in the T2,T4,and T5 combinations.Additionally,the carbon-to-phosphorus ratio in the T3 combination was significantly higher(P＜0.05)than in other combinations.In the 10-20 cm soil layer,the T4 combination showed significantly higher(P＜0.05)levels of total nitrogen,available potassium,and total sulfur relative to other combinations.The T3 combination had significantly higher(P＜0.05)levels of organic carbon,carbon-to-nitrogen ratio,and carbon-to-phosphorus ratio compared to other combinations.In the 20-30 cm soil layer,the T4 combination demonstrated significantly higher(P＜0.05)levels of available potassium and total sulfur compared to other combinations.The inorganic carbon content was highest in the T3 combination and significantly higher(P＜0.05)than in the T2 combination.Furthermore,the carbon-to-phosphorus ratio in the T3 combination was the highest and significantly higher(P＜0.05)than in the T1,T2,and T5 combinations.[Conclusion]Based on the enhanced soil nutrient content from various rotation combinations and the improved efficiency of crop absorption and utilization of these nutrients,it is recommended to adopt the alfalfa-alfalfa-potato-corn-sunflower(T3 combination)as the optimal grass-crop rotation combination for this region.These findings provide a valuable reference for optimizing the grass-crop rotation systems and enhancing the sustainable use of soil resources.
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