Preparation and properties of microcrystalline cellulose-thermoplastic polyurethane core-shell structured aerogel fibres
To enhance the mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties of aerogel fibers,microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)and thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)are employed in coaxial wet spinning.Through solvent exchange and freeze-drying,aerogel fibers with a porous MCC aerogel core layer enveloped by a TPU shell layer are prepared.The morphology,chemical crystalline structure,thermal stability,mechanical properties,and thermal insulation performance of the MCC-TPU aerogel fibers(MTAFs)are systematically analyzed and evaluated.The results demonstrate that upon dissolution and regeneration into MCC aerogel fibers,the crystalline structure of MCC transitions from cellulose Ⅰ to cellulose Ⅱ.The MTAFs exhibit a hierarchical porous structure comprising both mesopores and micropores,with a density of 0.169 g/cm3,a specific surface area of 6.460 m2/g,and an average pore diameter of 17.005 nm.When the mass fraction of MCC is 1.5％and that of TPU is 25％,the MTAFs exhibit optimal tensile properties,with a tensile strength of 2.32 MPa and an elongation at break of 567.47％.These values represent an increase of 246％and 11 027％,respectively,compared to MTAFs with an MCC mass fraction of 3.0％and a TPU mass fraction of 0％.These fibers can be woven into textiles,showcasing excellent mechanical properties and flexibility.The incorporation of TPU enhances the overall thermal stability of the aerogel fibers.The MTAFs achieve a maximum temperature differential of up to 22.48 ℃ with the heating stage,exhibit an overall infrared emissivity below 0.5,and effectively reduce thermal radiation.These attributes make them highly promising for applications in high-performance thermal insulation textiles.
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