Objective To understand the sensitization spectrum of pollen allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)in Ningxia,and to analyze the differences in positive allergens between different ages and genders,in order to provide a basis for the treatment and prevention of AR patients.Methods A skin prick test(SPT)was used to detect pollen allergens in 7 112 AR patients attending respiratory,otolaryngology and paediatrics outpatient clinics in eight monitoring hospitals in Ningxia from December 2021 to December 2022,to analyse the results of the test and to explore the age and gender differences in the test results.Results The positive rate of pollen SPT in 7 112 AR patients was 68.81％.Among them,the two types of pollen with the highest positive rate of pollen allergens in AR patients were artemisia grandis pollen(57.27％)and artemisia annua pollen(41.42％),and the combination of four or more pollen allergens with SPT positive accounted for 35.45％of the patients.The sensitization level of artemisia grandis pollen and artemisia annua pollen were mainly grade 3 to 4.The positive rate of pollen allergen SPT in AR patients increased first and then decreased with age,and the positive detection rate of pollen allergen SPT in the age group of 10-＜20 years reached the peak(79.59％),and the eight pollen allergens were statistically significant in the different age groups(P all＜0.05).The positive rates of pollen of artemisia grandis,humulus humilis,willow pollen,poplar pollen,domestic elm pollen,and sophora japonica were higher in males than in females among different genders(P all＜0.05).Conclusion AR patients were often sensitized by a combination of 4 or more pollen allergens.The peak detection rate of SPT positive was reached in the age group of 10-＜20 years.Artemisia grandis pollen and Artemisia annua pollen were the most common pollen allergens in AR patients in Ningxia region.
关键词
过敏性鼻炎/花粉过敏原/皮肤点刺试验
Key words
allergic rhinitis/pollen allergens/skin prick test
万方数据