首页|土壤pH值和含水量对土壤硝化抑制剂效果的影响

土壤pH值和含水量对土壤硝化抑制剂效果的影响

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硝化抑制剂如2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡nitrapyrin,通常与氮肥配施来抑制硝化作用提高农田中肥料的利用率,但是其抑制效果会受到土壤理化性质的影响.采用新工艺重新合成后的新型nitrapyrin纯度高达98%,由于杂质减少而具有更好的硝化抑制效果.为了研究土壤pH值和含水量对新型nitrapyrin抑制效果的影响,明确nitrapyrin适合施用的土壤条件,采用室内培养试验,研究了在不同的土壤pH值和含水量下nitrapyrin对无机氮含量动态变化和硝化作用强度的影响,以及其硝化抑制率的变化规律.结果表明:随着土壤pH值的升高,铵态氮含量降低,硝态氮含量和表观硝化率呈现上升的趋势,并且在所有pH值处理下氮肥配施nitrapyrin均显著地降低了矿质氮库铵态氮的转化量,均不同程度地抑制了硝化作用;在培养的第9天,nitrapyrin在pH值7.70处理下对硝化作用抑制效果最好,硝化抑制率达到91.53%,但硝化抑制率的降低速率在高pH值处理上更快;在培养的第45天,当pH值为4.66时,硝化抑制率为36.43%,显著高于其他处理;在整个培养过程中,施用nitrapyrin能显著抑制各处理的硝化作用,硝化抑制率在不同土壤含水量上的表现为:40% WHC> 60% WHC> 80% WHC.可见,nitrapyrin更加适合施用在酸性土壤以及旱地土壤上,该研究可以为新型硝化抑制剂nitrapyrin在农田中施用的最优条件提供理论依据.
Inhibitory effect of soil pH value and moisture on soil nitrification by nitrapyrin application
Nitrification inhibitors such as nitrapyrin (2-chloro-6- (tricholoromethyl)-pyridine, CP) are co-applied with nitrogen fertilizers to prevent nitrification and improve the efficiencies of fertilizers in cropland, but its effectiveness depends on a number of soil characteristics. Nitrapyrin was reformulated by new technology and its purity has achieved 98%. The effectiveness improved a lot because of the greatly reduced impurities. In order to study the effects of soil pH value and soil moisture on the inhibition efficacy of new reformulated nitrapyrin, soil incubation experiments were carried under dark and aerobic conditions (25 ℃ constant temperature and 80% humidity) to discuss the implications of nitrapyrin on dynamic changes of inorganic nitrogen, nitrification intensity and nitrification inhibition rates' changing rules in different soil regime. Results indicated that ammonium concentrations decreased while nitrate concentrations and apparent nitrification rates had an ascending tendency as pH value increased. Nitrogen application combined with nitrapyrin significantly decreased the amount of disappeared ammonium and inhibited nitrification at all pH levels. At the 9th day, nitrification inhibition rate at pH value of 7.70 was highest, up to 91.53%. However, nitrification inhibition rates at low pH value decreased slower than that at high pH value. At the 45th day, nitrification inhibition rate at pH value of 4.66 was 36.43%, higher than other treatments. Nitrate concentration and apparent nitrification rate were highest in soils with 60% of the maximum water holding capacity (WHC). Nitrapyrin application inhibited nitrification at all soil moisture levels. Nitrification inhibition rate in soils of moisture levels was 40%WHC>60%WHC>80%WHC. In conclusion, nitrapyrin should be more suitable for application in acidic soil and upland soil. Results in our study are expected to provide scientific basis for the optimal soil conditions in practical application of new nitrapyrin.

soilssoil moisturenitrogennitrapyrinpH valuenitrification inhibition rateapparent nitrification rate

顾艳、吴良欢、胡兆平

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浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室,浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310058

教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室,浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310058

养分资源综合利用国家重点实验室,金正大生态工程集团有限公司,临沂 276000

土壤 土壤含水量 氮 硝化抑制剂 pH值 硝化抑制率 表观硝化率

National Basic Research Program of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaSpecial Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China

2015CB15050231172032201003016

2018

10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.08.017

农业工程学报
中国农业工程学会

农业工程学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心EI
影响因子：2.529
ISSN：1002-6819
年,卷(期)：2018.34(8)
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