Effects of the organic replacement of phosphorus fertilizer and straw returned to fields on the nutrient absorption and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency of cotton
Effects of the organic replacement of phosphorus fertilizer and straw returned to fields on the nutrient absorption and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency of cotton
The effects of organic replacement of phosphate fertilizer and straw returning to field on nutrient absorption,utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer and correlation of cotton yield were studied in order to provide practical guidance for determining the technical service focus of efficient application of phosphate fertilizer in gray desert cotton field in northern Xinjiang and further understanding the current cotton production situation.In this study,based on a 5-year field micro-cropping experiment of cotton in the National Gray Desert Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Benefit Monitoring Station,7 kinds of fertilization measures were taken as samples,and cotton field soil and field investigation at the cotton maturity stage in 2022 were used to carry out relevant research.The results showed as follows:Both organic replacement of phosphorus fertilizer and straw returning could improve the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption of cotton plants.The average nitrogen content of each organ ranged from 1.75 g·kg-1 to 40.90 g·kg-1,the average phosphorus content ranged from 1.46 g·kg-1 to 11.28 g·kg-1,and the average potassium content ranged from 3.11 g·kg-1 to 25.03 g·kg-1.Combined fertilizer input and nutrient absorption,50%organic replacement and straw returning to the field can best enhance the nitrogen absorption capacity of cotton plants and promote dry matter accumulation,50%organic replacement has the strongest phosphorus absorption capacity of cotton plants and is most conducive to realizing the effect of cotton fertilizer saving and potassium increasing.The N∶P of each organ of cotton plant ranged from 1.20 to 12.01.Organic replacement of phosphorus fertilizer and straw returning significantly reduced N∶P of stem,leaf,bud/boll/shell.Cotton plant biomass and seed cotton yield increased with the decrease of N/P ratio of stem,leaf,bud/boll/shell,and cotton growth was more restricted by N and P.The utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer increased from 12.54%to 33.04%with the increase of organic replacement amount,and the soil phosphorus surplus decreased from 28.20 kg·hm-2 to 19.66 kg·hm-2 with the increase of organic replacement amount.The application of 50%phosphorus fertilizer organic replacement technology in the grey desert cotton area of northern Xinjiang,that is,the application of phosphorus(P2O5)60.0 kg·hm-2 and the application of sheep manure 9 784.8 kg·hm-2,has the best comprehensive effect on cotton yield,biomass and nutrient absorption,and is worthy of promotion and application.
关键词
棉花/磷素/有机替代/养分吸收/磷肥利用率/氮磷比
Key words
cotton/phosphorus/organic substitution/nutrient absorption/phosphate fertilizer utilization rate/nitrogen and phosphorus ratio
维普
万方数据