Rapid growth in the annual production of organic solid waste has become a huge challenge worldwide.Aerobic composting technology is one of the mainstream technologies based on utilizing organic solid waste resources.However,during the composting process,microorganisms are highly active,constantly decomposing organic matter and often produce large amounts of foul-smelling gases that are released in atmosphere,especially ammonia(NH3)and hydrogen sulfide(H2S);these gases have serious impacts on human and animal health as well as environmental quality.The present study focuses on summarizing the generation mechanism and transformation pathway of NH3 and H2S during the aerobic composting process of organic solid waste.Concerning the aspects of controlling endogenous parameters(C/N ratio,aeration rate,initial moisture content,and initial pH)and exogenous material addition(chemical,physical,and biological additives),this study introduces the synergistic emission reduction technologies of NH3 and H2S.Furthermore,this study proposes prospects for future research directions based on the research status quo in this field.A review of existing research has shown that various composting parameters interact with each other and must be considered and optimized together.The effect of regulating the endogenous parameters within the compost pile is limited.However,further optimization of the endogenous parameters and coupling of exogenous material addition can improve the emission reduction efficiency of NH3 and H2S during composting;this will help in promoting the green and efficient development of aerobic composting technology.
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