Livelihood strategies and livelihood capital characteristics of rural households in different rural areas:a case study of the Yuqiao Reservoir watershed
The livelihood of rural households not only determines their income,but also has a significant impact on the regional ecological environment.The differentiation of rural regional factors is one of the main driving factors for the diversity of livelihood capital levels and livelihood strategies in rural households.Analyzing the characteristics of livelihood capital and livelihood strategies of rural households in different rural areas is an important foundation for establishing sustainable livelihoods for local households.This study collected first-hand data from 512 rural households in the Yuqiao Reservoir watershed and constructed an evaluation index system for the livelihood capital of rural households.Livelihood strategies were divided into four types according to the income source of rural households,including purely agricultural(PA),mainly agricultural(MA),mainly non-agricultural(MNA),and purely non-agricultural(PNA).The characteristics of livelihood capital and livelihood strategies of rural households in different rural areas were analyzed.Finally,the impacts of livelihood capital on livelihood strategies were analyzed using multiple regression equations.The main findings are as follows:The non-agricultural livelihood of rural households has become a common phenomenon in the Yuqiao Reservoir watershed,with 42.6%MNA and 29.5%PNA.There were significant differences in the livelihood capital of rural households with different livelihood strategies.The total livelihood,human,social,and financial capital of PNA and MNA rural households were significantly higher than those of PA and MA rural households(P<0.05).The natural capital of PA and MA households was significantly higher than that of PNA households(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the level of livelihood capital and livelihood strategy choices of rural households in different rural areas.The total livelihood and natural capital of rural households in cash crop areas were significantly higher than those in other regions,whereas the financial capital in traditional grain-producing areas was the lowest(P<0.05).The rural households around the reservoir were mainly PNA.The rural households in the mountain forest and urban periphery areas households were mainly MNA.The rural households in the traditional grain-producing and cash crop areas were mainly PNA and MNA households.MNA and MA households were mainly found in the cultural tourism area.Indicators such as per capita farmland area,per capita forestland area,fragmentation of cultivated land,soil fertility,labor share and average age of labor force,means of transportation,and household per capita income had a significant impact on the choice of livelihood strategies(P<0.05).The main reasons for the differences in livelihood capital and strategies among different rural areas were related to their geographical location,natural resources,social resources,and policies.Finally,a targeted optimization strategy for regional rural household livelihoods based on the characteristics of constituent elements was proposed,which can provide a reference for promoting the development of farmer livelihoods in different rural areas.
rural areasrural household livelihoodslivelihood capitallivelihood strategiesdrinking water source protection area
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
