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我国乡村治理水平评价及影响机制研究

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本文在梳理现有治理评价理论与实践研究成果的基础上，以中央顶层制度设计和基层治理创新实践为重要依据，提出了我国乡村治理评价指标体系与指数合成方法，利用29个省份355个行政村调查数据测算了乡村治理水平，并对其主要影响因素进行了实证检验。结果显示，乡村治理有效性总体处于中等偏上水平，2020年乡村治理指数为0。718;在治理过程评价维度中，强制性机制建设表现较好，而自愿性机制建设表现较差;在治理效果评价维度中，需要一次性投入的硬件设施和公共服务领域成效较好，而需要持续性投入和长期运作的领域成效较差。就影响因素来看，壮大集体经济、推行"政经分开"均能显著促进乡村治理有效;村支书的年龄和营商管理经历对乡村治理有效有显著的正向作用，但其学历作用并不明显，故过度推进村干部年轻化和高学历化可能对改善村庄治理的效果有限;规模因素对村庄治理有效的负面作用体现为人口规模扩张而并非地域范围扩大。本文有助于推动"乡村治理有效"的讨论由定性分析向定量研究拓展，同时为明确农村改革方向、优化村干部选拔机制、创新基层治理方式，从而加快推进乡村治理现代化提供了重要决策参考。
Research on China Rural Governance Evaluation and Its Influence Mechanisms
Based on combing the existing research results of governance evaluation theory and practice,taking the central top-level system design and grass-roots governance innovation practices as the important basis,this paper puts forward an evaluation index system and index syn-thesis method of China rural governance,calculates the level of rural governance by using the sur-vey data of 355 villages in 29 provinces,and conducts an empirical study on its main influencing factors.The results show that the effectiveness of China rural governance is generally at the upper middle level,and the governance index reaches 0.718 on average in 2020.The development among the elements of each dimension is uneven,the construction of mandatory mechanism is con-siderable,and the construction of voluntary mechanism is relatively lagging behind.In terms of in-fluencing factors,the expansion of collective economy and the implementation of"separation of politics and economy"can significantly promote the effectiveness of rural governance.The age and business management experience of village Party secretaries have significant positive effects on the rural governance,but the effect of their academic qualifications is not obvious,so too much empha-sis on the younger and higher education of the village cadres may have limited effects on improving village governance.The negative effect of village scale factor on the governance is reflected in the expansion of population scale rather than the expansion of geographical scope.

Rural governanceGovernance evaluation systemCollective economyCharacter-istics of village cadresSeparation of politics and economy

高道明、赵一夫、潘彪

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中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 北京 100081

中国宏观经济研究院国土开发与地区经济研究所 北京 100038

乡村治理 治理评价体系 集体经济 村干部特质 政经分开

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项中国农科院科技创新工程项目中央农办、农业部乡村振兴专家咨询委员会软科学研究计划

21-2060302-05710-IAED-06-20232022216

2024

农业技术经济
中国农业技术经济学会 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所

农业技术经济

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.923
ISSN：1000-6370
年,卷(期)：2024.(3)
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