首页|卷辊式耕层残膜回收机设计与试验

卷辊式耕层残膜回收机设计与试验

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针对耕层残膜老化严重、力学性能差,残膜与土壤混合造成耕层残膜回收拾净率低、含土量高等问题,提出了一种旋耕起抛膜土混合物、弹齿顺向旋转捡膜、逆向旋转卸膜的主动回收方法.设计了卷辊式耕层残膜回收机的整体方案,实现了起膜、卷辊正转捡膜、反转卸膜、集膜的功能.对起膜装置、捡膜装置、正反转机构及卸膜装置等关键作业部件进行设计与参数计算,获得在弹齿机械力作用下,将混合物内的残膜有效钩、挑分离出来的临界条件.运用ANSYS和SPH(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics)耦合方法,构建弹齿捡拾残膜过程的数值模拟计算模型,获得捡膜过程中残膜所受的最大应力及变形,分析了弹齿捡拾残膜的有效性.样机验证试验表明,当起膜刀转速为213.75 r/min、捡拾滚筒转速为43.75 r/min、卷辊正转捡膜转速为131.27 r/min、卷辊反转卸膜转速为167.86 r/min、卸膜轮转速为43 r/min时,卷辊式耕层残膜回收机表层拾净率为82.6%,深层拾净率为71.1%,试验结果符合国家与行业标准的要求,能够从膜土混合物中有效回收耕层残膜.
Design and Test of Roll-type Tillage Layer Residual Film Recovery Machine
Aiming at the problems of serious differentiation of residual film in the tillage layer,poor mechanical properties,low pick-up rate of deep residual film,and high soil content caused by the mixing of residual film and soil,an active recovery method of rotary tillage and throwing soil mixture,picking up spring tooth to forward rotate and pick up the film,and reversely rotate and unload film was proposed.The overall solution of the roll-type tillage layer residual film recovery machine was designed,and its structural composition and working principle were expounded.Design and parameter calculation of key operating components such as film picking device,film picking device,forward and reverse mechanism and film unloading device were carried out to obtain the critical conditions for the effective hook and picking out of the residual film in the mixture under the mechanical force of the spring-tooth.By using the coupling method of ANSYS and SPH(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics),the numerical simulation model of the spring tooth picking up the residual film process was constructed,and the maximum stress and deformation of the residual film in the process of picking up the residual film were obtained.The effectiveness of picking up the residual film with the spring-tooth hook was analyzed.The verification test of the prototype showed that when the rotation speed of the taking-film was 213.75 r/min,the rotation speed of the picking drum was 43.75 r/min,the rotation speed of the roll forward rotation was 131.27 r/min,the rotation speed of the roll reverse unloading film was 167.86 r/min,and the rotation speed of the unloading film wheel was 43 r/min.The surface pick-up rate of the roll-type topsoil residual film recycling machine was 82.6%,and the deep pick-up rate was 71.1%.The test results met the design requirements and realized the mechanized recovery of topsoil residual film from the film-soil mixture.It provided a method and theoretical basis for the research of tillage layer residual film recovery mechanism.

tillage layer residual filmroll-typeresidual film recovery machine

史增录、张学军、刘小鹏、郭磊、张朝书、刘蕾

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新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

新疆智能农业装备重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052

阿克苏天地机械制造有限责任公司,阿克苏 843000

耕层残膜 卷辊式 残膜回收机

国家自然科学基金项目新疆维吾尔自治区天山青年计划项目新疆农机研发制造推广应用一体化项目

521052782020Q015YTHSD2022-10

2024

农业机械学报
中国农业机械学会 中国农业机械化科学研究院

农业机械学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.904
ISSN:1000-1298
年,卷(期):2024.55(2)
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