植物工厂岩棉块种苗移植机移植部件设计与试验
Design and Test of Rock Wool Block Seedling Transplantation Mechanism in Plant Factory
童俊华 1刘珂 2刘霓红 3孙良 4王小琴 2NORUPIRI R Obedience2
作者信息
- 1. 浙江理工大学机械工程学院,杭州 310018;浙江省种植装备技术重点实验室,杭州 310018
- 2. 浙江理工大学机械工程学院,杭州 310018
- 3. 广东省现代农业装备研究所,广州 510630
- 4. 浙江理工大学机械工程学院,杭州 310018;农业农村部东南丘陵山地农业装备重点实验室,杭州 310018
- 折叠
摘要
目前植物工厂岩棉块种苗移植装备自动化程度低,作业时大多依赖于人工,劳动强度大,效率低.基于植物工厂水培叶菜种苗移植现状设计了一种二级变间距的高速移植部件,并配备有一种拨指式定植杯分离辅助机构.对移植手取苗过程中岩棉块种苗进行受力分析,为移植手设计提供依据;开展拨指式定植杯分离辅助机构落杯试验,为后续植苗至栽培槽孔的定植杯中奠定基础.搭建移植机构试验平台,以取苗深度、岩棉块含水率、移植部件横移速度、移植手升降速度、移植手夹苗间距为试验因素进行五因素三水平正交试验,通过方差分析各因素对移植成功率的影响.试验结果表明:当取苗深度为24 mm、岩棉块含水率为90％、移植部件横移速度为0.8 m/s、移植手升降速度为0.24 m/s、移植手夹苗间距为14 mum时,机构移植成功率为97.9％,移植速度为3 132株/h,能够满足高速、高效、稳定的植物工厂岩棉块叶菜种苗移植机械化作业的技术需求.
Abstract
The plant factory rock wool block seedling transplantation equipment has a low penetration rate at present,and most of the operation still relies on manual labor,which is labor-intensive and inefficient.A high-speed transplantation mechanism combining secondary variable spacing for hydroponic leafy vegetable seedlings in plant factories was designed,and it was also equipped with a finger-type planting cup separation mechanism.The stress analysis of rock wool block seedlings in the process of transplanting hand picking seedlings was carried out to provide basis for the design of transplanting hand.The drop cup test of the finger-type planting cup separation mechanism was carried out to lay the foundation for the subsequent planting of seedlings to the planting cup of the cultivation slot.The transplanting mechanism test bench was built,and the transplanting success rate was tested by five-factor three-level orthogonal test with the grasping seedling depth,water content of rock wool block,overall traverse speed,lifting speed,and clamping spacing as the test factors.The influence of each factor on the success rate index was analyzed by variance analysis.The test showed that the seedling depth was 24 mm,rock wool block water content was 90％,overall traverse speed was 0.8 m/s,lifting speed was 0.24 m/s,clamping spacing was 14 mm,the transplantation success rate of the mechanism was 97.9％,and the transplant speed reached 3 132 plants/h.which can meet the technical requirements of high-speed,high-efficiency and stable mechanized operation of rock wool block leaf vegetable seedling transplanting in plant factory.
关键词
移植机/岩棉块种苗/移植手/植物工厂Key words
transplanter/rock wool block seedling/end effector/plant factory引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2000702)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据