摘要
漂浮盘育苗通过穴盘底孔可实现水分、养分及农药施放,具有方便管理、生产成本低等优点,在我国西南地区已有较大规模应用.本文针对漂浮盘育苗移栽设计了一种夹钵式弹性取苗爪.基于钵体顶出和压缩试验,确定了国福910辣椒苗钵体力学性质参数;结合ADAMS刚柔耦合仿真试验,得到苗爪片尖端入钵轨迹,验证了取苗爪的合理性;建立了取苗力学模型,分析了影响取苗成功率的关键性因素.以苗钵含水率、爪片宽度、取苗深度为试验因素,开展取苗爪辣椒苗取苗正交试验,并确定取苗最佳组合为取苗深度40 mm、爪片宽度5 mm、基质含水率55％～65％,此时取苗成功率为99％,基质损失率为3.18％.不同作物适应性试验结果表明,甘蓝茶玛、烟苗K326取苗成功率不小于98％,云烟87取苗成功率为94％,具有良好适应性.
Abstract
Floating tray seedling cultivation enables the delivery of water,nutrients,and pesticides through the bottom holes of the trays,offering advantages such as easy management and low production costs,and it has been widely adopted in the southwestern regions of China.A clamp-type elastic seedling picking gripper specifically for floating-tray seedlings was designed.Based on ejection and compression tests of the seedling pots,the mechanical properties of Guofu910 pepper seedling pots were determined.Using ADAMS rigid-flexible coupling simulation experiments,the trajectory of the gripper tip entering the pot was established,validating the rationality of the seedling extraction gripper.A mechanical model of the seedling extraction process was developed,providing a comprehensive analysis of the key factors affecting the success rate of seedling extraction.An orthogonal experiment was conducted by using a single seedling extraction gripper for pepper seedlings,with factors included pot moisture content,gripper width,and extraction depth,to determine the optimal combination of levels for seedling extraction.The results showed that at an extraction depth of 40 mm,gripper width of 5 mm,and substrate moisture content of 55%～65%,the seedling extraction success rate reached 99%,with a substrate loss rate of 3.18% .In adaptability tests across different crops,the extraction success rates for Chama cabbage and tobacco seedlings K326 were no less than 98%,while the success rate for Yunyan 87 tobacco seedlings was 94%,demonstrating good adaptability.This seeding picking gripper demonstrates universally excellent performance,offering raluable reference for row-wise seeding picking in vegetable transplanting machines.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
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