摘要
纳米抗体是仅由重链组成的具有特异性识别抗原的小分子物质,具有广泛的应用前景.本文介绍了骆驼(Camelus)体内3种不同的抗体亚型,揭示了传统抗体与纳米抗体在二硫键种类与位置、骨架区及互补决定区组成中的异同,论述了纳米抗体生产简便、特异性强、稳定性高、溶解度高等特性,阐述了纳米抗体的筛选表达方法,即可以运用噬菌体展示、酵母双杂交等技术,筛选得到特异性的纳米抗体,因其结构简单,故可以在大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)及酵母菌(Saccharomyces)等生物中进行表达,从而可以更好地研究其功能.本文为今后纳米抗体的开发和应用提供理论依据.
Abstract
Nanobodies are small molecules composed of only heavy chains with specific recognition of antigens,which have broad application prospects.In this paper,three different antibody subtypes in camels(Camelus)were introduced,and the similarities and differences between traditional antibodies and nanobodies in the types and positions of disulfide bonds,the composition of skeleton regions,and complementary determining regions were revealed.The characteristics of nanobodies,such as simple production,strong specificity,high stability,and high solubility,were discussed.The screening and expression methods of nanobodies were expounded,that is,phage display,yeast two-hybrid and other technologies can be used to screen and obtain specific nanobodies.Because of its simple structure,it can be expressed in Escherichia coli and yeast(Saccharomyces)and other organisms,to better study its function.This review provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of nanobodies in the future.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据