基因组测序技术在家畜肉质改良中的应用研究进展
Research Progress on Application of Genome Sequencing in the Meat Quality Improvement in Domestic Animals
喻赫 1李睿 1伊旭东 1庞卫军1
作者信息
- 1. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院动物脂肪沉积与肌肉发育实验室,杨凌 712100
- 折叠
摘要
我国家畜育种工作的重点之前聚焦于提高产肉量、日增重和产仔数等重要经济性状指标.随着消费水平的提高,培育生产性能优良的家畜品种,生产风味、口感和色泽均佳的优质肉,是我国畜牧业高质量发展的必经之路.骨骼肌纤维和肌内脂肪与家畜肉质密切相关,直接影响其多汁性、风味和色泽.近年来发展出基于基因组测序技术的研究方法,包括能够挖掘重要候选基因的选择信号法、全基因组关联分析和利用基因组信息进行品种改良的全基因组选择法,具有传统改善肉质方法不可比拟的优势.本文在总结家畜肉质重要影响因素及评价指标的基础上,对主流基因组测序技术在改善家畜肉质中的应用研究进行了综述,分析了不同方法的优缺点.此外,还介绍了与基因组测序技术结合,并可能在家畜肉质改良中发挥重要作用的新技术与理论.本综述为应用全基因组选择技术高效精准改善家畜肉质性状提供科学指导.
Abstract
The focus of China's breeding work previously focused on improving important economic trait indicators such as meat production,daily weight gain,and litter size of livestock.With the improvement of consumption level,breeding livestock and poultry breeds with excellent production performance to produce meat products with good flavor and delicate taste is the key to the high-quality development of China's livestock industry in the future.Skeletal muscle fibers and intramuscular fat are closely related to livestock meat quality and directly affect the juiciness,color,and flavor of meat.In recent years,research methods based on genome sequencing technologies have been evolved,including a selection signaling method that can mine important candidate genes,genome-wide association analysis,and a genome-wide selection method that uses genomic information for variety improvement,which have incomparable advantages over traditional meat quality improvement methods.Based on the summary of livestock meat quality evaluation indexes and important influencing factors,in this paper the application of mainstream genome sequencing technologies in livestock meat quality improvement are reviewed,and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are analyzed.In addition,the latest technical tools and theoretical studies that can be combined with genome sequencing technology and may play a role in livestock meat quality improvement are introduced.This review provides scientific guidance for the development of genome-wide selection technology and theory for livestock meat quality trait improvement.
关键词
家畜/肉质/骨骼肌纤维/肌内脂肪/全基因组关联分析/全基因组选择Key words
Livestock/Meat quality/Skeletal muscle fiber/Intramuscular fat/Genome-wide association study/Genome selection引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32272847)
陕西省重点研发计划(2022ZDLNY01-04)
财政部和农业农村部国家生猪产业技术体系建设项目()
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据