组蛋白修饰调控动物肌肉生成与脂肪发育的研究进展
Advances in the Regulation of Mammalian Myogenesis and Adipose Development by Histone Modifications
刘悦 1杜书增 2杨海焱 1潘晔君 1潘传英 1蓝贤勇1
作者信息
- 1. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌 712100
- 2. 南阳农业职业学院,南阳473000
- 折叠
摘要
表观遗传学是研究在DNA序列不发生改变时基因功能发生了可遗传的变化进而导致表型变化的学科,其实质是染色质状态的改变.作为表观遗传学研究的重要内容,组蛋白修饰在维持真核生物基因组稳定性、基因表达调控和染色质结构等方面发挥重要作用,其实质是组蛋白在相关酶作用下发生甲基化、乙酰化、泛素化等修饰的过程.组蛋白修饰广泛存在于各种生物学过程,调节机体组织器官的发生发育.间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是动物干细胞家族的重要成员,是动物成肌、成脂的重要来源.组蛋白修饰调节充当信号转导和下游基因重编程之间的桥梁,在细胞分化的表观遗传重塑中发挥着至关重要的作用.本文综述了组蛋白修饰的类型和作用机制,以及组蛋白修饰调控动物肌肉生成和脂肪发育的最新研究进展.本文为探索间充质干细胞分化机制提供参考,为进一步提高哺乳动物肌肉品质提供理论依据.
Abstract
Epigenetics mainly studies the heritable changes in gene function that lead to phenotypic changes in the absence of alterations in DNA sequence,and is essentially a change in chromatin state.As an important part of epigenetic research,histone modifications play an important role in maintaining the genome stability,gene expression regulation and chromatin structure of eukaryotes.Their essence is the process of methylation,acetylation and ubiquitination under the action of related enzymes.Histone modifications are variety of various biological processes that regulate the development of tissues and organs.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are important members of the animal stem cell family and important sources of animal myogenic and adipogenic cells,and the lineage differentiation of MSCs is accompanied by reprogramming of gene expression,a process largely dependent on epigenetic regulation.Histone methylation and acetylation modification regulators act as a bridge between signal transduction and downstream gene reprogramming,playing a crucial role in the epigenetic remodeling of cell differentiation.This paper reviewed the types and mechanisms of histone modifications,and recent advances in the study of histone modifications on animal myogenesis and adipogenesis.This review provides a reference for exploring the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and provides a theoretical basis for further improving mammalian muscle quality.
关键词
组蛋白修饰/肌肉生成/脂肪发生Key words
Histone modifications/Myogenesis/Adipogenesis引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32372852)
南阳市科技重大专项(2019ZDZX10)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据