首页|加气对西北旱区膜下滴灌棉花光合及水分利用效率的影响

加气对西北旱区膜下滴灌棉花光合及水分利用效率的影响

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为探明西北旱区滴灌棉花适宜的加气灌溉模式，试验以不加气灌溉为对照(CK)，设置 5个加气灌溉处理:苗期加气(AS)、蕾期加气(AB)、花铃期加气(AF)、蕾期加气+花铃期加气(ABF)、苗期加气+蕾期加气+花铃期加气(AW);研究了不同生育期加气灌溉对西北旱区棉花光合作用及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，所有加气处理的光合特性及地上部生物量都显著提高，其中处理AW较CK的净光合速率显著增加22。68%，蒸腾速率显著增加41。19%，气孔导度显著增加 33。42%，胞间CO2浓度显著降低 16。22%;花铃期加气灌溉使西北旱区棉花地上部茎、叶、蕾/铃干物质累积量分别显著增加 29。26%，11。15%和 33。41%。不同生育期加气灌溉下，棉花光合特性、地上部生物量以及产量最优的处理为AW和AF，且差异不具有统计学意义;但是处理AF的水分利用效率最高，为 1。51 kg/m3，显著高于处理AW。因此，从高效节水增产的角度考虑，在棉花花铃期进行加气(AF)可作为西北旱区膜下滴灌棉花的最佳加气灌溉模式。
Effects of aeration on photosynthesis and water use efficiency of cotton under mulched drip irrigation in arid area of Northwest China
In order to find out the suitable aerated irrigation mode for drip irrigation cotton in arid area of Northwest China,five aerated irrigation treatments were set up with non-aerated irrigation as control(CK):aerated irrigation at seedling stage(AS),aerated irrigation at budding stage(AB),aerated irrigation at flowering and boll stage(AF),aerated irrigation at budding stage+aerated irrigation at flowering and boll stage(ABF),and aerated irrigation at seedling stage+aerated irrigation at budding stage+aerated irrigation at flowering and boll stage(AW).The effect of aerated irrigation at different growth stages on the photosynthesis and water use efficiency of cotton in arid areas of Northwest China was studied.The results show that compared with CK,the photosynthetic characteristics and aboveground biomass of all aerated treatments are significantly increased.Among them,the net photo-synthetic rate of aerated treatment is significantly increased by 22.68%,the transpiration rate is signifi-cantly increased by 41.19%,the stomatal conductance is significantly increased by 33.42%,and the intercellular CO2 concentration is significantly decreased by 16.22%,respectively.Aerated irrigation at the flowering and boll stage significantly increases the dry matter accumulation of stems,leaves and buds/bolls by 29.26%,11.15%and 33.41%,respectively.Under aerated irrigation at different growth stages,the optimal treatments for cotton photosynthetic characteristics,aboveground biomass and yield are AW and AF,and there is no significant difference.However,the water use efficiency of AF treatment is the highest,which is 1.51 kg/m3,significantly higher than that of AW treatment.Therefore,from the perspective of efficient water-saving and yield-increasing,aerated irrigation at the flowering and boll stage(AF)of cotton can be used as the best aeration irrigation mode for cotton un-der mulched drip irrigation in arid areas of Northwest China.

aerated irrigationcottonphotosynthetic characteristicswater use efficiencydry matteryieldarid areas of Northwest China

韩美琪、王振华、朱艳、温越

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石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆 石河子 832003

现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832003

农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832003

加气灌溉 棉花 光合特性 水分利用效率 干物质 产量 西北旱区

国家重点研发专项国家自然科学基金兵团重大科技项目

2021YFD19008003-3518690272021AA003-1

2024

10.3969/j.issn.1674-8530.22.0278

排灌机械工程学报
中国农业机械学会排灌机械分会,江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心

排灌机械工程学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.055
ISSN：1674-8530
年,卷(期)：2024.42(1)
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