Experimental study on typical faults recurrence in vertical centrifugal pump
胡思源 1董亮 1朱建成 1陈玉党 2程茂胜3
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作者信息
1. 江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心,江苏 镇江 212013
2. 辽宁恒星泵业有限公司,辽宁 丹东 118017
3. 安徽莱恩电泵有限公司,安徽 宁国 242300
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摘要
为了给立式离心泵的故障诊断提供试验和理论依据,搭建立式离心泵仿真试验台,进行立式离心泵典型故障的仿真复现试验,分析了转子不平衡、转子不对中和支座连接松动等故障的振动特性及其频谱特征.结果表明:机脚处的振动位移信号对支座连接松动故障的振动特性敏感性更高,轴系的振动信号对转子故障的振动特性敏感性更高;转子不平衡故障和转子不对中故障表现出不同的频谱特征,转子不平衡故障的频谱特征表现为 1 倍振动主要频率(amplitude power frequency,APF)幅值增大,且随着故障程度的增加,幅值呈现了逐渐减小的趋势,转子不对中故障的频谱特征表现为产生新的振动特征频率 2APF,且随着故障程度的增大,信号幅值逐渐增大;支座连接松动故障表现为频谱图中的主频变为 3APF,并出现新的 2APF和 1/2 分数谐波频率.
Abstract
In order to provide experimental and theoretical reference for diagnosing faults in vertical centrifugal pumps,a simulated test bench for vertical centrifugal pumps was constructed,after which simulated reproduction tests of typical faults in vertical centrifugal pumps were conducted,and the vi-bration characteristics together with spectrum features of faults such as rotor unbalance,rotor misalign-ment,as well as pedestal looseness were analyzed.The results indicate that the vibration displacement signal at the foot of the machine is more sensitive to the vibration characteristics of pedestal looseness,while the vibration signal of the shaft system is more sensitive to the vibration characteristics of rotor faults.Rotor unbalance faults and rotor misalignment faults exhibit different spectrum features.The spectrum feature of rotor unbalance faults shows an increase in the amplitude of the 1×amplitude power frequency(1 APF),and as the fault severity increases,the amplitude gradually decreases.The spec-trum feature of rotor misalignment faults shows the generation of a new characteristic frequency,which is the 2×amplitude power frequency(2APF),and as the fault severity increases,the signal amplitude gradually increases.Pedestal looseness faults are manifested by the main frequency in the spectrum shifting to 3×amplitude power frequency(3APF),along with the appearance of new 2APF and 1/2 fractional harmonic frequencies.
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