Drip irrigation scheduling of winter wheat planted in North China based on pan evaporation capacity of evaporating dishes
In order to explore the drip irrigation strategy for winter wheat based on the pan evaporation in North China,a 20 cm diameter evaporating dish was positioned above the winter wheat canopy.The setup was utilized to study the effects of different irrigation treatments on soil water dynamics,growth and yield of winter wheat.The split-plot experiment was designed with 2 factors and 3 levels.The two factors were cumulative water evaporation(Ep)and pan coefficient(Kp),and the irrigation water quota(Ⅰ)was obtained by multiplying Ep and Kp.According to the experiment,the effects of irrigation on soil water content were mainly concentrated in(0,60]cm soil layer,and the soil moisture content in the(60,100]cm soil layer gradually decreased with the growth of winter wheat.The less irrigation amount resulted in the greater consumption of water in soil and the total water consumption decreased accordingly.The wheat plant height,leaf area index,yield and water use efficiency(WUE)of winter wheat under drip irrigation were significantly higher than those under surface irrigation(CK)(P＜0.05).The main effects of different E and Kp treatments on plant height,leaf area index,spike num-ber,grain number per spike,yield and WUE of wheat were all significant,while the thousand-grain weight quality was significantly affected by the the interaction effect of E and Ep with K.Through principal component based on the optimization analysis of irrigation treatments,it was found that the Ep2Kp3 treatment under the drip irrigation was the best to improve the growth,yield and WUE of wheat.The Ep2Kp3 treatment was found to be the optimal treatment which held the highest yield and WUE,and that's when the cumulative pan water evaporation attained 40 mm after the re-greening period of winter wheat.The drip irrigation was implemented with the Kp of 0.7,1.0 and 0.8 at the re-greening to join-ting,jointing to filling and filling to milk maturity stages of wheat,respectively.The treatment had the highest yield and WUE,with a yield of 9 920.27 kg/hm2 and 23.35 kg/(mm·hm2).
drip irrigationpan evaporationwinter wheatyieldwater use efficiency
万方数据
维普
