With the accelerated development of industrialization and urbanization,the problem of environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious.Environmental testing plays a vital role in ensuring human health and ecological balance.However,the traditional environmental testing methods often have the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy,which cannot meet the needs of modern environmental monitoring.Therefore,it is urgent to seek an efficient and accurate environmental detection method.Therefore,this paper analyzes the principles and advantages of spectral analysis technology,and puts forward several effective applications in environmental detection,in order to provide favorable support for environmental protection in China.