The arficle introduces the rapid detection method and specific application of heavy metal ions in water system.First,heavy metal ions can be detected with high selectivity through a variety of technical means,such as spectroscopy,chromatography,electrochemical method and inductively coupled plasma method.Secondly,in view of the heavy metal pollution problem in the river near an industrial park,environmental protection agencies carried out detection and analysis through portable XRF,HPLC-ICP-MS,AAS and other instruments and reagents,and carried out detailed water quality monitoring projects.Finally,based on the six months of data,the upstream industrial areas were found to have excessive lead and chromium,so calling for stronger industrial emission control and suggesting Regularly monitor the middle and lower reaches of the region,and set up filtration and purification facilities to reduce the potential impact of heavy metal ions on the environment and human health.