摘要
晚清政府治理永定河水患的举措继续沿袭前朝及清中前期思路,其中堤坝建设、河道疏浚和闸坝修缮等工程取得一定成效,但对水文土壤环境造成了诸多负面影响,包括永定河下游河道淤积和改道情况的加剧,周围湖淀原有的水文环境的恶化,以及永定河下游区域土壤的沙化与盐碱化问题,在一定程度上反向加剧了河患的治理难度.嘉道年间随着清政府财政状况的恶化,河防腐败问题的出现,以及河防职官设置的局限性,永定河治理陷入困境.总结晚清以来永定河下游水患治理的经验教训,有助于更好地理解该地区河流环境与人治环境间互动关系的变化,并为当代永定河治理面临的特殊状况提供历史借鉴.
Abstract
The measures taken by the late Qing government to control the flooding of the Yongding River fol-lowed those implemented by the previous dynasties and during the early and middle Qing Dynasty,includ-ing the construction of dams,dredging of rivers,and repair of gates and dams,which achieved certain re-sults.However,they caused many negative impacts on the hydrological and soil environment,including the aggravation of sedimentation and diversion in the lower reaches of the Yongding River,the deterioration of the original hydrological environment of surrounding lakes and lakes,and the problem of soil desertifi-cation and salinization in the lower reaches of the Yongding River,which to some extent exacerbated the difficulty of river flood control.During the reign of Emperor Jiaqing and Emperor Daoguang,due to the deterioration of the financial situation of the Qing government,the emergence of corruption in river de-fense,and the limitations of the appointment of river defense officials,the governance of Yongding River fell into difficulties.Summarizing the experience and lessons of flood control in the lower Yongding River since the late Qing Dynasty can help better understand the changes in the interaction between the river environment and the human governance environment in the region,and provide historical references for the special situation faced by contemporary Yongding River governance.
维普
万方数据