美国对华科技竞争政策的量化评价及启示
A Quantitative Evaluation of the US Science and Technology Competition Policy toward China
赵一鸣 1孙绍聚 2张家年3
作者信息
- 1. 武汉大学信息资源研究中心,武汉 430072;武汉大学信息管理学院,武汉 430072;武汉大学大数据研究院,武汉 430072
- 2. 武汉大学信息管理学院,武汉 430072;武汉大学大数据研究院,武汉 430072;武汉大学图书情报国家级实验教学示范中心,武汉 430072
- 3. 淮北师范大学高等教育研究中心,淮北 235000
- 折叠
摘要
科技竞争是新时代中美两国博弈的核心领域之一,而科技政策是政府科技行为风向标,因此,对美国相关政策进行评价分析,探究美国对华科技竞争政策的未来趋势,可以帮助我国在与美国新一轮的科技竞争中把握主动.本研究综合PMC(policy modeling consistency)指数模型、文本挖掘与政策样本分析方法,以美国总统项目、美国立法信息网站以及美国政府各行政部门网站为数据来源,收集政策文件并对其进行词频分析;根据词频分析的结果,构建美国对华科技竞争政策的PMC评价体系,采取分层抽样的方法抽取政策样本,并对其进行文本挖掘和分析,确定样本PMC指数,结合PMC曲面图,对政策样本进行评价分析;根据政策样本的分析结果,初步勾勒美国在对华科技竞争中运用的类柏伊德循环的战略运作体系,从科技竞争态势感知预警体系、科技竞争事态快速响应机制与科技竞争事态动态评估体系3个方面,为我国应对新时期的美国对华科技竞争战略提供对策建议.
Abstract
Science and technology competition is a core area of the"game"between China and the US in this new era.Furthermore,science and technology policy is a bellwether of the government's science and technology behavior.There-fore,this study explores the internal connections of the US science and technology competition policy toward China,which has become a normalcy according to the evaluation and analysis of relevant US policies undertaken,so asto help China take the initiative in the new round of this competition.Using the policy modeling consistency(PMC)index model,text mining,and policy sample analyses,we collected policy documents from sources such as the US President's Project,US legislative information website,and various US government administrative department websites.Subsequently,we con-ducted word frequency analysis.Based on the results of this analysis,we constructed a PMC evaluation system for the US science and technology competition policy toward China.A stratified sampling method was employed to extract policy samples,followed by text mining and analyses to derive the PMC index for the samples.Finally,in conjunction with the PMC surface plot,we conducted an evaluative analysis of the policy samples,which clarified the Boyd cycle-like strategic operating system used in the US-China science and technology competition.This study provides strategic recommenda-tions for China to address the new era of this competition,focusing on three aspects:awareness and early warning systems for technological competition dynamics,mechanisms of the rapid response to technological competition incidents,and the dynamic assessment system for technological competition situations.
关键词
中美科技竞争/政策评价/PMC指数模型/政策分析Key words
US-China science and technology competition/policy evaluation/PMC index model/policy analysis引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据