Analysis and optimization of the influence of drag reduction device on the aerodynamic characteristics of flat truck
A drag reduction scheme of installing drag reduction devices and optimizing modeling parameters was proposed to reduce the aerodynamic drag coefficient of flat head trucks in crosswind environment and improve driving stability.The aerodynamic characteristics of the simplified model of flat head truck with fairing,wake plate and composite drag reduction device were studied under six yaw angles from 0° to 15° with using aerodynamic numerical simulation technology,and the parameters of the model with composite drag reduction device were optimized based on the Adaptive Collaborative Optimization Algorithm(SHERPA).The results show that the drag reduction effect is the best and the drag reduction rate is 17%when the yaw angle is 12°;The drag reduction rate of the wake plate reaches the maximum of 5.7%without crosswind;The average drag reduction rate of the composite drag reduction device is 19.0%,and the maximum drag reduction rate is 22.9%;After the optimization of SHERPA algorithm,the average aerodynamic drag coefficient of freight car model with composite drag reduction device is further reduced by 4.3%.This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of aerodynamic characteristics of freight cars in crosswind environment.
flat-head van truckaerodynamic characteristicsfairingadaptive collaborative optimization algorithm(SHERPA)aerodynamic drag coefficientyaw angle
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