The Development Level of Urban-rural Integration in China:Statistical Measurement,Distribution Dynamics and Regional Differences
A comprehensive evaluation indicator system for urban-rural integration at the prefecture level was proposed,includes economic integration,social integration,ecological integration,and spatial inte-gration,with a total of 27 fundamental indicators.Weights were assigned using the entropy method.The urban-rural integration levels of 226 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2022 were computed.Kernel density estimation,Markov chains,spatial Markov chains and the Dagum Gini coefficient were used to analyze the dynamics and regional disparities of urban-rural integration levels in China and its East,Middle and West regions.Results show that urban-rural integration levels in China have been increasing annually.The integration levels exhibit a club convergence effect with significant spatial dependence.Low-level neighboring areas hinder local urban-rural integration growth,while high-level neighboring areas pos-itively influence it.Regional differences in urban-rural integration development mainly stem from varia-tions among the three major regions.
urban-rural integration developmenthorizontal measurespatial and temporal distributionre-gional difference
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