Characteristics of Suspended Sediment Fronts and Their Regulatory Mechanisms Around the Yellow River Estuary Areas from 1984 to 2021
The suspended sediment front(SSF)around the Yellow River estuary is the boundary of high turbidity water from the Yellow River and the clear water from the sea.Its characteristics and long-term changes have important impacts on the topography and ecological environment of the estuary and adjacent areas.In recent decades,influenced by climate change and human activities,the runoff and sediment discharge of the Yellow River,the hydrological and meteorological environments around the Yellow River estuary have undergone significant changes.The response of SSF to these changes is not yet clear.We used Landsat satellite remote sensing data to extract the SSF of the Yellow River estuary from 1984 to 2021,and analyzed the seasonal and interannual variations of the SSF location.The results show that there is a significant seasonal variation in the SSF location due to differences in wind speed,with the farthest distance from the estuary in winter and the closest in summer,with an average dis-tance of 45.6 km versus 24.2 km respectively.Based on the suspended sediment concentration(SSC)interdecadal variation results in the Yellow River estuary,it is speculated that SSF contracted by approximately 25.6％towards the estuary from 1984 to 2021.The observed Yellow River wind speed analysis indicate that the decrease in wind speed in the past 40 years is the main reason for the contrac-tion of SSF.Although there is a significant downward trend in the river runoff and sediment discharge from the Yellow River,its direct impact on the interdecadal variation of SSF in the Yellow River estuary is minimal.
suspended sediment frontsLandsatYellow River Estuaryinterannual variabilitysus-pended sediment concentration
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