Numerical Simulation Study on Sea Ice Drift and Its Dynamic Impact Factors in Bohai Sea
As a crucial maritime hub in China,the Bohai Sea experiences varying degrees of sea ice dis-asters every winter,significantly impeding socio-economic development.To study the growth,melting,and dynamic distribution of sea ice in the Bohai Sea,this paper,based on the Delft-3D software,establi-shes a three-dimensional mathematical model of Bohai Sea ice.Considering factors such as tidal cur-rents,wind fields,and air temperatures,the research conducts comparative analyses of the collaborative effects of tidal currents and wind fields,scenarios excluding sea ice movement,scenarios considering on-ly the impact of wind fields,and scenarios considering only the influence of tidal currents on the move-ment of sea ice in the Bohai Sea.The simulation results indicate that the asymmetry of tidal currents causes drift in sea ice.Under the sole influence of tidal currents,the drift of sea ice exhibits distinct pe-riodicity.The ice areas in three bays of the Bohai Sea display evident cyclic changes from January 25th to March 3rd,January 12th to February 20th and January 16th to February 13th,corresponding to periods of 16,17,and 18 days respectively.The predominant winds affecting sea ice mainly result in co-direc-tional transport.During winter in the Bohai Sea area,prevailing northerly winds promote the drift of sea ice from nearshore areas towards the open sea.Under specific wind conditions,northeasterly winds exert the greatest influence on the drift of sea ice in Liaodong Bay,while northwesterly winds have the greatest impact on the drift of sea ice in Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay.This study enriches the scientific understanding of the evolution and movement processes of sea ice in the Bohai Sea,providing technolog-ical support for regional disaster prevention and response.When influenced solely by wind or in synergy with tidal currents,the trends in sea ice area variations in these three bays align.Wind plays a signifi-cant role in the distribution of sea ice,as the predominant winds affecting sea ice mainly result in co-di-rectional transport.In the Bohai Sea area,northerly winds prevail during winter,promoting the drift of sea ice from nearshore areas towards the open sea.When the wind direction is constant,changes in wind speed cause variations in the area and centroid position of sea ice of different thicknesses,with the effects exacerbated by increasing wind speeds.Northeast winds have the greatest impact on sea ice drift in Liaodong Bay,while northwest winds have the greatest impact on sea ice drift in Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay.This study enriches scientific understanding of the evolution and movement processes of sea ice in the Bohai Sea,providing technological support for regional disaster prevention and response.
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