摘要
以苯酚、甲醛、F127、正硅酸乙酯和六水合氯化镍为原料,通过溶剂挥发诱导自组装法和热处理工艺原位合成了二氧化硅/金属镍/有序介孔碳复合材料.通过改变镍粒子的复合量,可以调节材料的石墨化程度、镍纳米颗粒尺寸和磁性,从而优化整体的电磁波吸收性能.采用XRD、Raman、SEM、TEM、XPS和VSM等多种测试手段表征了其相组成、缺陷、形貌、镍纳米粒子的大小、磁性能等基本特性.实验结果表明,增大镍纳米粒子的复合量可以有效提高材料的饱和磁化强度和磁损耗性能,但过大的复合量会引起镍颗粒的团聚,从而削弱界面极化作用.以OS@Ni1.5-700为吸收剂的吸波涂层在4.0 mm厚度下,最小反射损耗值达到-36.5 dB,在更薄的厚度时(2.5 mm),有效吸波频宽拓展到了8.16 GHz(9.36 GHz～17.52 GHz).
Abstract
Using phenol,formaldehyde,F127,ethyl orthosilicate and nickel chloride hexahydrate as raw materials,silica/metallic nickel/ordered mesoporous carbon composites were synthesized in situ through a solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly method and a heat treatment process.By changing the compos-ite amount of nickel particles,the graphitization degree,nickel nanoparticle size and magnetic properties of the composites can be adjusted,thereby optimizing the overall electromagnetic wave absorption perform-ance.The phase composition,defects,morphology,size of nickel nanoparticles,magnetic properties and oth-er basic properties of silica/metallic nickel/ordered mesoporous carbon composites have been characterized using a variety of tests such as XRD,Raman,SEM,TEM,XPS and VSM.The experimental results show that increasing the composite amount of nickel nanoparticles can effectively improve the saturation mag-netization and magnetic loss properties of the material,but too large composite amount will cause agglom-eration of nickel particles,which will weaken the role of interfacial polarization.Remarkably,OS@Ni1.5-700 exhibits a strong reflection loss value of-36.5 dB with a layer thickness of 4.0 mm and a broad effec-tive absorption bandwidth of 8.16 GHz(9.36 GHz～17.52 GHz)with a layer thickness of only 2.5 mm.
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