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基于稳态-瞬态计算相结合的弧形闸门泄流三维数值模拟

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探讨弧形闸门泄流三维流场数值模拟方法,分析弧形闸门泄流三维流场和流体压力变化特性,把握引起闸门破坏的水流动力原因。借助SolidWorks软件和COMSOL多物理场仿真系统建立弧形闸门泄流三维湍流流场数值模型,采用稳态计算和瞬态计算相结合的方法进行求解计算。计算结果表明,初始泄流阶段作用在闸门面板上水流压力表现出一个较大的冲击压力,该冲击压力在以往的研究中被忽略;稳定泄流阶段的水流脉动压力与门后周期性的旋涡脱落有关,压力的脉动频率与旋涡脱落频率一致,旋涡的长度较长,使得旋涡脱落频率较低,因而水流脉动压力表现出低频特征。与直接瞬态计算结果相比,稳态-瞬态结合计算得到的脉动压力计算结果与物理模型实验的接近程度有 4%~10%的提高。稳态计算的引入能够更好地确定入口速度边界,计算精度的提高主要体现在水流脉动压力的计算。建议在涉及水流脉动压力的工程问题的数值研究中采用稳态-瞬态计算相结合的方法进行。
This paper discusses the numerical simulation method of the three-dimensional flow field of the radial gate discharge,analyzes the three-dimensional flow field and fluid pressure change characteristics of the radial gate discharge,and grasps the water dynamic reasons that cause the gate damage.A three-dimensional turbulent flow field numerical model of radial gate discharge is established with the help of SolidWorks software and Comsol multi-physics simulation system,and a combination of steady-state calculation and transient calculation is used to solve the problem.The calculation results show that the water flow pressure acting on the gate panel during the initial discharge stage shows a large impact pressure,which has been ignored in previous studies;the water flow pulsation pressure during the stable discharge stage is related to the periodic vortex shedding behind the door.The pressure pulsation frequency is consistent with the vortex shedding frequency.The length of the vortex is long,which makes the vortex shedding frequency low,so the water flow pulsation pressure shows low-frequency characteristics.Compared with the direct transient calculation results,the closeness of the fluctuating pressure calculation results obtained from the combined steady-transient calculation to the physical model experiment is improved by 4%to 10%.The introduction of steady-state calculation can better determine the inlet velocity boundary,and the improvement of calculation accuracy is mainly reflected in the calculation of water flow fluctuating pressure.It is recommended that a combination of steady-state and transient calculations should be used in the numerical study of engineering problems involving fluctuating pressure of water flow.

radial gatethree-dimensional flow fieldfluctuating pressureimpulse pressuresteady-state-transient

吴兵兵、李小超、周熙

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长沙理工大学 水利与环境工程学院,长沙 410114

弧形闸门 三维流场 脉动压力 冲击压力 稳态-瞬态

2025

科技创新与应用
黑龙江省报刊出版有限公司 黑龙江省科协技术协会

科技创新与应用

影响因子:0.993
ISSN:2095-2945
年,卷(期):2025.15(1)