The main content of this paper is to test and study the weak deformation of solar cell array substrates through external heat flow simulation combined with digital photogrammetry in a vacuum cold black environment.In the test plan,a non-contact infrared lamp array was used to simulate external heat flow in space.At the same time,space environment simulation equipment was used to establish the vacuum cold black environment required for the test,and heat flow was applied to the solar cell array substrate.During the test,digital photogrammetry measures the weak thermal deformation of the solar cell array substrate caused by different external heat flows.The test results show that under the action of the radiant heat flow of the infrared lamp array,the measurement accuracy of thermal deformation of the solar cell array substrate within the range of 2 m×1.44 m is better than 0.05 mm,which can meet the measurement accuracy requirements.The optical photogrammetry method can be used as a measurement method to measure the weak deformation of the solar cell array substrate during the thermal vacuum test.The test has verified that the method is effective,solving the problem of measuring the thermal deformation of the solar cell array substrate during the thermal vacuum test.It provides experimental data support for subsequent battery array surface design of the cover sheet and the design of silver connecting strips between the cover sheets.