选取从西宁及周边地区栽培种植户采集的来源不同的10个羊肚菌栽培菌株(其中5个六妹羊肚菌Morchella sextelata、3个梯棱羊肚菌M.importuna和2个七妹羊肚菌M.eximia)进行18℃避光马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(Potato Dextrose Agar Medium)培养,并于长3d、8d、14 d分别进行拍照观察和统计分析.通过3D合成图像观察,将菌核(sclerotium)生长划分为五个阶段,分别为:①少量菌丝聚集缠绕;②大量菌丝聚集成菌丝团;③菌核边缘明显;④菌核密结生长;⑤菌核发育成熟.观察到菌丝融合,主要表现为:菌丝间相互接触并融合成网状、棒状;观察到厚垣孢子(Chlamydospore):前期为无色或棕黄色,后期变为红棕色覆于菌核上;孢子囊果形态:黄色肉质光滑球状体.实验表明,不同菌种在菌丝生长、菌丝融合、菌核发育以及厚垣孢子发育、生长时间上有差异,实验观察到的:3D成像图片和测量的数据,为羊肚菌全态性(Holomorph)认识提供资料积累.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MYCELIAL GROWTH OF CULTIVATED MORCHELLA
The experiment collected 10 cultivated strains of Morchella of different sources from growers in Xining and the surrounding areas(including 5 strains of Morchella sextelata,3 strains of M.importuna and 2 strains of M.eximia)for PDA culture away from light at 18℃.Photos were taken on 3d,8d and 14d respectively for observation.According to 3D composite image:sclerotium growth is divided into five stages by specific data changes,namely ① a small number of hyphae gathering and intertwining,② a large number of hyphae forming peloton,③ sclerotia has distinct margins,④ densely growing sclerotia,⑤ sclerotia growing mature.Hyphal fusion is observed during mycelial growth:hyphae touch each other and integrate into the web-shape or rod-shape;chlamydospores are observed later:from colorless or bright yellow in the early stage to reddish brown over the sclerotium later;sporongiocarp appears yellow smooth spheroplast.The experiment indicates differences between the strains in mycelial growth,anastomosis,sclerotium development,chlamydospore development and growth time among different species.The observed 3D images and the measured data provide data support for the understanding of Morchella holomorph.
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