Differences research on the transcriptional characteristics of skeletal muscles among cattle-yak,yak and cattle
By adopting RNA-seq technology,the paper aims to compare and analyze the transcrip-tional characteristics of skeletal muscles among adult cattle-yak,yak and cattle to screen the genes related to muscle development and analyze the reasons for the advantages of muscle development of cattle-yak.The muscle tissue is collected from healthy adult cattle-yak,yak and cattle for extrac-ting total RNA.Sequencing is performed by using Illumina HiSeqTM2000 sequencer.Bioinformatics analysis is performed to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs)which is validated by qRT PCR.The results show that compared with cattle-yak,682 DEGs are detected from yak,with 341 genes up-regulated and 341 genes down-regulated.Compared with cattle,a total of 2 461 DEGs are detected from yak,among which 1 277 genes are up-regulated and 1 184 genes are down-regulated.Compared with cattle-yak,a total of 1 386 DEGs are detected from cattle,among which 586 genes are up-regulated and 800 genes are down-regulated.The DEGs between cattle-yak and the parents are significantly enriched in focal adhesion,ECM-receptor interaction,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,actin cytoskeleton regulation,oxidative phosphorylation,MAPK signaling pathway,metabolic pathway and other signal pathways.Seven genes(IGF-1,PIK3IP1,FGF10,FGF1,PIK3R1,CREB1 and KLHL30)are identified that may play a key role in the muscle growth and de-velopment of cattle-yak.Meanwhile,the expression of the genes related to oxidative phosphorylation in cattle is significantly higher than that in yak and cattle-yak.Therefore,the rapid growth of cattle-yak may be related to the differential expression of the seven key genes screened.The significantly down-regulated genes related to oxidative phosphorylation may be related to yak heterosis.
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