摘要
聂斯托里教是基督教之一派,原流行于拜占庭帝国统治下的叙利亚和两河流域,431年被以弗所宗教会议判为异端后,其教徒流入波斯、中亚,于唐贞观九年(635)进入唐都长安.聂斯托里教在中国被称作景教.景教徒继承了地中海东部地区流行的古希腊医学遗产,在东传过程中以医疗活动助力传教,争取对已有利的活动空间.入华景教徒服务于官方,效力于皇家,以其开颅、医眼等专精医术展开医疗实践活动,与皇室与上层贵族建立了密切联系;异域药方及药材知识随其医疗活动而传入华夏.
Abstract
The Nestorianism,one sect of Christianity,was originally spread in Syria and Mesopotamia under the rule of the Byzantine Empire,with its condemnation as heresy by the Synod of Ephesus in 431 AD,the followers emigrated into Persia and Central Asia,and reached Chang'an,capital of the Tang Dynasty in 635 AD.The Nestorians inherited the ancient Greek medical heritage which had been popularized in the eastern Mediterranean,and availed themselves of medical knowledge and skills to help missionary work and strive for a favorable situation in their preach.The Nestorians served the government and the Imperial family,and carried out medical practice with their specialized medical skills such as trepanning and ophthalmology,and established close contact with the Imperial family and the upper aristocracy,and they also introduced the knowledge of exotic remedies and medicinal materials to China with medical practice.
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