This study aims to optimize the performance of SBS basalt fiber composite modified asphalt to ad-dress the extreme climate conditions in the Xinjiang region.Karamay K-90 asphalt and Tarim 90#A asphalt were selected as base materials,combined with non-oiled SBS4303 modifier and basalt chopped fibers.The impact of each component's proportion on asphalt performance was evaluated using Box-Behnken response surface design and regression analysis.The results showed that SBS significantly improved the elasticity and low-temperature per-formance of the asphalt,while basalt fibers enhanced high-temperature stability and crack resistance.The opti-mized mix ratio increased the ductility of the asphalt at low temperatures by up to 119%,raised the softening point by 12.8℃,and demonstrated excellent anti-aging properties,providing reliable technical support for road con-struction in the Xinjiang region.