首页|麦秆和绿肥还田对青藏高原小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响研究

麦秆和绿肥还田对青藏高原小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响研究

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针对青海东部干旱半干旱农业生产区,传统耕作水分利用效率低下及产量不稳定等问题,本研究设置6个不同施肥及还田措施进行大田试验,研究不同物料(麦秆,毛叶苕子)还田对春小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响.研究结果表明,处理G能提升60~100 cm的土壤体积含水量,较处理M提升了 30%.与N处理相比,两种物料还田均能提高小麦穗粒数、地上部干物质量及小麦产量,其中处理M1/3的小麦产量、地上部干物质量、穗粒数较处理N提升了 34.78%、34.32%、21.74%.不同物料还田均能提高水分利用效率,其中处理M1/3、G的水分利用效率较N处理分别提升45.01%、35.12%.综上,M1/3还田配施化肥有利于青海东部区春小麦的生长发育和产量形成,能有效提高春小麦籽粒产量及水分利用效率.
Study on the Effects of Returning Straw and Green Manure on Wheat Yield and Water Use Efficiency in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
In response to the problems of low water use efficiency and unstable yield in traditional tillage in the arid and semi-arid agricultural production areas of eastern Qinghai,this study set up six different ferti-lization and returning measures for field experiments to study the effects of different materials(wheat straw,hairy vetch)returning to the field on spring wheat yield and water use efficiency.the G treatment could in-crease the soil volumetric moisture content by 60~100 cm,which was 30%higher than the M treatment.Compared with the N treatment,both materials significantly increased wheat grain number,above ground dry matter mass,and wheat yield when returned to the field.Among them,the M1/3 treatment increased wheat yield,above ground dry matter mass,and grain number by 34.78%,34.32%,and 21.74%compared to the N treatment.Returning different materials to the field could improve water use efficiency,among which the water used efficiency of M1/3 and G treatments increased by 45.01%and 35.12%respectively compared to N treatment.Therefore,returning M1/3 to the field combined with chemical fertilizers is beneficial for the growth,development,and yield formation of spring wheat in eastern Qinghai,and can effectively improve the grain yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat.

Spring wheatReturning straw to the fieldWater use efficiency

张洪滔、刘婷、宋明丹、韩梅、李正鹏

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青海大学农林科学院,青海 西宁 810016

国家农业环境西宁观测实验站,青海 西宁 810016

春小麦 秸秆还田 水分利用效率

2024

青海农林科技
青海省农林科学院 青海省林学会 青海省农学会

青海农林科技

影响因子:0.183
ISSN:1004-9967
年,卷(期):2024.(4)