摘要
为了明确苹果连作对土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响,本研究以连作5年、10年、15年和20年苹果的土壤为研究对象,通过评估不同连作年限对土壤pH、有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)等理化性质以及蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶等关键酶活性的影响,进而确定主要影响因子,旨在为苹果科学种植与栽培提供一定的理论依据.研究结果表明:(1)随着连作年限的增加,土壤pH值呈先下降后上升趋势,与连作5年相比仍有降低;其中SOM、TN、TP和TK含量与连作年限呈负相关(P＜0.01);(2)土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶在不同连作年限中均呈现先下降后上升趋势,而蔗糖酶活性则随连作年限的增加呈持续上升趋势,不同连作年限之间差异性呈显著性(P＜0.01).综上所述,苹果连作年限的增加显著降低了土壤化学养分(TN和SOM),加剧了土壤养分耗竭;pH值的下降是引起连作障碍的潜在风险.
Abstract
In order to clarify the effects of apple continuous cropping on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity,this study selected apple continuous cropping soils for 5,10,15,and 20 years as re-search objects.By evaluating the effects of different continuous cropping years on soil pH,organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total potassium(TK)and other physicochemical properties,as well as key enzyme activities such as sucrase,urease,and catalase,the main influencing fac-tors were determined,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for scientific apple planting and cultivation.The research results indicated that:(1)With the increase of continuous cropping years,the soil pH value showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and still decreased compared to continuous cropping for 5 years;The contents of SOM,TN,TP,and TK were negatively correlated with the duration of continuous cropping(P＜0.01);(2)Soil urease and catalase showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend in different continuous cropping years,while sucrase activity continued to increase with the increase of contin-uous cropping years,with significant differences between different continuous cropping years(P＜0.01).In summary,the increase in continuous cropping years of apples significantly reduces soil chemical nutrients(TN and SOM)and exacerbates soil nutrient depletion;The decrease in pH value is a potential risk of cau-sing continuous cropping obstacles.
维普
万方数据