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高镍层状正极材料失效机理及其改性研究进展

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在现有的商用正极中,富镍层状正极因其高能量密度、较好的倍率性能和合理的循环性能而被广泛应用.目前,Co的价格远高于Ni和Mn,正极材料的研究正朝着高镍"少钴化"甚至"无钴化"的方向推进.本文主要介绍了近年来高镍层状正极材料的研究进展,旨在为未来高镍正极的设计、开发提供重要线索,并推动其实际应用进程.文中首先介绍了高镍正极材料主要失效机理,包括表面/界面降解、阳离子混合、电极-电解质自发寄生反应、气体析出和晶间/晶内开裂.其次,综述了近些年来对高镍材料进行的体相掺杂、表面包覆、成分调整和形貌工程等方面的改性研究和相关进展.最后,对高镍正极材料未来的研究方向和目前的技术挑战进行了展望.
Research progress in degradation mechanism and modifi cation of high nickel layered cathode materials
Among the existing commercial positive electrodes,nickel-rich layered positive electrodes are widely used because of their high energy densi-ty,good rate performance and reasonable cycle performance.At present,the price of Co is much higher than that of Ni and Mn,and the research of cath-ode materials is advancing towards the direction of high nickel"less cobalt"or even"cobalt-free".In this paper,the research progress of high nickel layered cathode materials in recent years is reviewed,in order to provide important clues for the design and development of high nickel cathode in the fu-ture,and to promote its practical application.In this paper,we first introduce the main degradation mechanisms of high nickel cathode materials,inclu-ding surface/interface degradation,cationic mixing,electrode-electrolyte spontaneous parasitic reaction,gas precipitation and intergranular/intrachrys-talline cracking.Secondly,the modification and relevant progress of high nickel materials in recent years in terms of bulk phase doping,surface coating,composition adjustment and morphology engineering are reviewed.Finally,the future research direction and current technical challenges of high nickel cathode materials are prospected.

lithium ion batterylayered cathode materialultra high nickeldegradationmodification

郑瑶、李荐、王利华

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中南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙 410083

湖南理工学院机械工程学院,湖南岳阳 414006

锂离子电池 层状正极材料 超高镍 失效 改性

湖南省自然科学基金湖南省科技创新项目

2021JJ307942022RC1086

2024

轻金属
沈阳铝镁设计研究院

轻金属

影响因子:0.358
ISSN:1002-1752
年,卷(期):2024.(4)
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