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时间康复干预对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的影响

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目的:探讨时间康复干预对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的影响。方法:选取 2020 年 1 月 1 日~2022 年 8 月 31 日收治的脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者 92 例为研究对象。将2020 年1 月1 日~2021 年8 月31 日收治的46 例患者作为对照组,实施常规护理;将2021 年 9 月 1 日~2022 年 8 月 31 日收治的 46 例患者作为观察组,实施时间康复干预。比较两组并发症发生情况,出院前后营养指标[包括体质量指数(BMI)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血清白蛋白(HSA)]、吞咽功能[采用标准吞咽功能评定量表(SSA)]和生存质量[采用吞咽生存质量状况量表(SWAL-QOL)]。结果:观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0。05);出院后 30 d,两组BMI、Hb、HSA均优于出院前 5 d(P<0。05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0。01,P<0。05);出院后 30 d,两组SSA及SWAL-QOL评分均高于出院前 5 d(P<0。05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0。01,P<0。05)。结论:实施时间康复干预方案能够改善吞咽障碍患者的营养指标及吞咽功能,降低并发症发生率,从而提升生活质量。
Efficacy Evaluation of Temporal Rehabilitation Intervention on Patients with Dysphagia after Stroke
Objective:To investigate the effect of temporal rehabilitation intervention on the patients with dysphagia after stroke.Meth-ods:92 patients with dysphagia were selected from January 1,2020 to August 31,2022,they were divided into the control group(from Janu-ary 1,2020 to March 31,2021)and the observation group(from April 1,2021 to August 31,2022)with 46 patients in each group.The con-trol group implemented routine nursing intervention,while the observation group implemented time rehabilitation intervention program.The incidence of complications,nutritional indexes by body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin(Hb),serum albumin(HSA),swallowing function by standardized swallowing assessment(SSA)and Swallow Quality of life Questionnaire(SWAL-QOL)were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Thirty days af-ter discharge,the levels of BMI,Hb,and HSA in both groups were better than those at 5 d before discharge(P<0.05),and the observation group was better than the control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Both groups had higher SSA and SWAL-QOL scores at 30 d after discharge than those at 5 d before discharge(P<0.05),and the observation group had higher scores than the control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Con-clusion:The implementation of temporal rehabilitation intervention can improve the nutritional indicators and swallowing function of patients with dysphagia,reduce the incidence of complications,and thus improve the quality of life.

DysphagiaTemporal rehabilitationcomplicationSwallowing functionNutritional indicator

虞妹、沙薇、钱丹

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张家港市第一人民医院 江苏张家港 215600

吞咽障碍 时间康复干预 并发症 吞咽功能 营养指标

2024

齐鲁护理杂志
山东省护理学会

齐鲁护理杂志

影响因子:1.452
ISSN:1006-7256
年,卷(期):2024.30(3)
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