摘要
目的:探讨基于5E康复模式的肺功能康复护理对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能、自我管理行为、生活质量的影响.方法:将2021年3月1日～9月30日收治的54例COPD患者作为对照组,采用常规肺功能康复护理;将2021年10月1日～2022年3月31日收治的54例COPD患者作为观察组,在对照组基础上采用基于5E康复模式的肺功能康复护理;比较两组不同时间肺功能[包括第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC％]、自我管理行为水平、运动能力[采用6分钟步行试验(6MWT)]、生活质量[采用圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)],康复依从性及再住院率.结果:出院后6个月,两组FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC％均高于出院时(P＜0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P＜0.01);两组自我管理行为水平、6MWT、SGRQ评分存在组间、时间、交互效应(P＜0.05),且观察组出院后1、3、6个月指标均优于对照组(P＜0.01);观察组康复依从性高于对照组(P＜0.05),再住院率低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:基于5E康复模式的肺功能康复护理可改善COPD患者的肺功能与运动能力,降低再住院率,提高患者自我管理行为和依从性,从而有效提高生活质量.
Abstract
Objective:To explore the effects of 5E rehabilitation nursing on pulmonary function,self-management behavior and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:Fifty-four patients with COPD treated from March 1 to Sep-tember 30,2021 were selected as the control group,and routine pulmonary function rehabilitation nursing was adopted.Fifty-four patients with COPD treated from October 1,2021 to March 31,2022 were included in the observation group,and the pulmonary function rehabilita-tion nursing based on 5E rehabilitation model was adopted on the basis of the control group.The pulmonary function indexes by forced ex-piratory volume in one second(FEV,),forced vital capacity(FVC),FEV1/FVC％,self-management behavior level,exercise endurance by 6-minute walk test(6MWT),quality of life by St.George's Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ),rehabilitation compliance and readmission rate were compared between the two groups at different times.Results:At 6 months after discharge,FEV1,FVC and FEV1/FVC％in both groups were higher than those at discharge(P＜0.05),and the observation group has higher scores than those of the control group(P＜0.01).The level of self-management behavior,6MWT and SGRQ scores of the two groups had intergroup,time and interaction effects(P＜0.05),and the indicators of 1,3 and 6 months after discharge of the observation group were better than those of the control group(P＜0.01).The rehabilitation compliance of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05),and the re-hospitaliza-tion rate was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Pulmonary function rehabilitation nursing based on 5E rehabilita-tion mode can further improve the pulmonary function and exercise ability of COPD patients,reduce the rate of re-hospitalization,improve patients'self-management behavior and compliance,and effectively improve the quality of life.
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