人工智能时代证明标准客观化的负效应及其克服
The Negative Effect of Objectification of Standard of Proof and Its Overcoming in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
徐阳 1魏溢男1
作者信息
- 1. 辽宁大学法学院,辽宁沈阳 110036
- 折叠
摘要
在人工智能时代,算法技术驱动下的统一证据标准和逻辑经验法则的可算性虽然在一定程度上可以增强证明标准的可操作性,减少司法随意性,却显性地压缩了主观要素的适用空间,将证明标准引入更深层次的客观化,产生事实认定受到客观化规则侵蚀、陷入证据法定主义窠臼的负效应.在证明标准强调主客观融合的背景下,应当秉持证据裁量的基本立场,用证据裁量能动主义克服证明标准客观化的缺憾.客观化的证明标准只是底线的证明标准,是主观结论形成的基础,应当由事实认定者运用自由心证作最终的审查和判断.未来应通过制度建构纾解证明标准客观化产生的负效应,建立客观化证明标准的技术指南开示与异议机制,以期实现人工智能在刑事证明领域的良好应用,促进司法现代化和司法进步.
Abstract
In the age of artificial intelligence,although the unified evidence standard and the calculability of logical rules of thumb driven by algorithmic technology can enhance the operability of the standard of proof and reduce the judicial arbi-trariness to a certain extent,they have explicitly compressed the application space of the subjective elements.Deeper objecti-fication levels of the standard of proof will lead to a result that the determination of fact is eroded by objectified rules and the negative effect of legalism of evidence will be encountered.Given the background of emphasizing the integration of subjectiv-ity and objectivity for the standard of proof,a basic position of evidentiary discretion should be adhered to,so as to over-come the objectification of the standard of proof through the evidentiary discretionary activism.It should be clearly stated that the objectification of standard of proof should be only regarded as the lowest level of such standard,and it should be the basis for the formation of subjective conclusions;the fact finder should make the final examination and judgment based on free evaluation of evidence.By alleviating the negative effects of the objectification of the standard of proof via rules,a mechanism for disclosure and objection shall be established for the technical guide concerning the objectification of the stand-ard of proof,in order to realize a satisfactory application of artificial intelligence in the field of criminal proof and promote judicial modernization and progress.
关键词
证明标准客观化/智能辅助系统/统一证据标准/自由心证Key words
objectification of standard of proof/intelligent assistance system/unified evidence standard/free e-valuation of evidence引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BFX171)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据