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美国联邦政府科学诚信评估对中国的启示

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美国联邦政府高度重视科学诚信,2021年美国国家科学技术委员会(NSTC)成立跨部门工作组,对联邦政府机构科学诚信政策和实践开展评估,评估结论是联邦政府机构的科学诚信政策和实践总体上健全有效,但科学仍然受到政治等其他因素的干预,这妨碍了联邦政府制定科学政策,也削弱了公众对科学的信任.基于此次评估,概括总结了美国科学诚信评估的背景及概况,评估发现的主要问题及结论,开展"每两年一次"的常态化评估工作机制,介绍了科学诚信类型及定义,评估范围和主要内容,评估指标和方式方法等.最后,有针对性地提出了推动中国科研诚信治理的启示与建议.
Assessment of Scientific Integrity of U.S.Federal Agency and Its Enlightenment to China
The U.S.Federal Government attaches great importance to scientific integrity.In 2021,the National Science and Technology Council(NSTC)established a inter-agency Scientific Integrity Task Force to conduct a thorough review of the effectiveness of Federal departments and agencies for scientific integrity policies and practices.The review concludes that while Federal science is fundamentally sound,it remains subject to political and other forms of interference that can undermine Federal decision-making and erode public trust in science.Base on the review,this paper summarizes the background and overview,the main problems and conclusions for Federal agencies implementation and improvement of scientific integrity policies and practices,the mechanism of biennial assessment,and introduces the definition of scientific integrity,the scope and main content,and the critical metrics for regular assessment.Finally,it puts forward some suggestions on strengthening the governance of research integrity.

scientific integrityresearch integrityresearch misconductFederal agencyevidence-based policymakingassessment

马虹、张红伟

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科学技术部科技经费监管服务中心,北京 100038

中国农业大学图书馆,北京 100083

科学诚信 科研诚信 科研不端 联邦政府机构 循证决策 评估

教育部产学合作协同育人项目(2022)

220605469082732

2024

全球科技经济瞭望
中国科学技术信息研究所(ISTIC) 科学技术文献出版社

全球科技经济瞭望

CSTPCDCHSSCD
影响因子:0.359
ISSN:1009-8623
年,卷(期):2024.39(4)