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全球氢能技术发展态势研究

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近年来,氢能作为零碳高效的二次能源备受全球各国关注.为促进中国氢能产业快速发展,对比剖析国内外氢能管理政策、应用现状,发现主要创新国家和地区均通过发布高层次政策文件推动氢能技术发展,以规模化降低用氢成本.在技术研发方面,氢能技术虽在"制—储—输"三环节取得突破,但离掌握核心技术仍有差距.在产业应用方面,各国均覆盖氢能全链条,欧盟发展得最快,而中国面临产业链成本高、未实现规模化降本等问题.因此,建议持续强化顶层设计,制定覆盖氢能全产业链的氢能政策体系;突破核心关键技术,着力降本增效;积极拓展氢能应用场景,加速多元化场景的示范.
Global Development Strategies in Field of Hydrogen Energy Technologies
In recent years,hydrogen energy has attracted worldwide attention as a zero carbon and efficient secondary energy source.To promote the rapid development of China's hydrogen energy industry,through comparative analysis of domestic and foreign hydrogen energy management policies and application status,it is found that major innovative countries and regions have promoted the development of hydrogen energy technology by issuing high-level policy documents to reduce hydrogen consumption costs on a large scale.In terms of technological research and development,although hydrogen energy technology has made breakthroughs in the three links of"production-storage-transmission",there is still a gap from mastering the core technology.In terms of industrial applications,all countries cover the entire hydrogen energy chain,with the E.U.developing the fastest.However,China faces high costs in the industrial chain and the problem of not achieving large-scale cost reduction.Therefore,it is recommended to continuously strengthen top-level design and formulate hydrogen energy policies for the entire industry chain,make breakthroughs in core key technologies and focus on reducing costs and increasing efficiency,and actively expand the application scenarios of hydrogen energy and accelerate the demonstration of diversified scenarios.

hydrogen energy industryindustrial chaintechnological innovationkey technology

金馨、程竹静、史筱飞、李潇、张诗悦

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山东省科学技术情报研究院,济南 250101

国家自然科学基金委员会高技术研究发展中心(国家自然科学基金委员会基础研究管理中心),北京 100044

氢能产业 产业链 技术创新 关键技术

2024

全球科技经济瞭望
中国科学技术信息研究所(ISTIC) 科学技术文献出版社

全球科技经济瞭望

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影响因子:0.359
ISSN:1009-8623
年,卷(期):2024.39(10)