Revisiting the Manchu Names Before and After the Qing Dynasty Entered the Shanhai Pass
This article introduces the phenomenon of Manchus translating their names into Chinese surnames,or directly adopting Chinese names and surnames.The author also provides a list of over 250 individuals who held important official positions or hereditary titles with Sinicized names.Furthermore,the article discusses the adoption of other forms of Sinicized Chinese names,such as using Chinese numerical characters for ranking names,selecting Chinese names with various connotations,choosing Chinese names phonetically but without specific meanings,and imbuing names with Chinese virtues.Additionally,it examines various Sinicization practices in naming and addressing Manchu women and elaborates on the cultural significance of using Chinese characters in Manchu names,reflecting the pursuit of elegance and the embodiment of noble ideals,including the selection of characters and titles as names.The author elucidates the multifaceted aspects of Sinicization in naming and the diverse cultural characteristics of the names,further analysing the reasons behind these phenomena and discussing the inevitable trend of Sinicization in Manchu names.