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满汉法律融合视角下清代旗人立嗣法规的传承与变迁

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清代旗人立嗣法规具有满洲法与汉法两种法源,主管机构、立嗣程序、嗣子户口造报等规定始终紧密结合满洲独创的八旗制度,嗣子择选与承继次序规范则借鉴了汉法的伦理观念,逐渐向既有的民人立嗣法规靠拢,这显示出清代立法满汉融合的趋势.乾隆朝以降,过继成为旗人爵职传袭的重要手段,旗人宗族的立嗣规范与国家律典基本一致.旗人立嗣法规的传承表明清代法律常规化的认识在民事领域有一定局限性,其变迁则展现出旗人专条的法源多种特性.
The Inheritance and Change of Manchu Male Adoption Statutes in Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Manchu and Han Laws Integration
The laws and regulations of Manchu male adoption in Qing dynasty had two legal sources,i.e.Manchu and Han laws.While integrated with the characteristics of the Eight Banner system in terms of regulatory agencies,succession procedures,and registration,the regulations on the heir selection and succession order gradually became more similar to the existed legal provision for the adoption of the Han people in the evolution process,which indicated that there was a trend of the integration of Manchu and Han's legislation in Qing dynasty.Since Qianlong period,male adoption had became an important means of passing down titles and positions among the Banner people,and the male adoption norms in Manchu clans were basically the same as those of the national legislation.The inheritance of Manchu male adoption-regulations indicated that the normalization of the law in Qing dynasty had certain limitations in the civil field,and its changes showed that the legal plurality characteristics of Manchu special articles.

integration of Manchu and Han lawsManchu male adoptionsuccession of titles and positionsclan normslegal plurality

崔李酉子

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北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

满汉法律融合 旗人立嗣 爵职继承 宗族规范 法源多种

2024

清史研究
中国人民大学清史研究所

清史研究

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.676
ISSN:1002-8587
年,卷(期):2024.145(5)