The Inland Circulation of Xinjiang Jade and the Portrait of Merchant Groups during the Qianlong Reign
There is need to grasp and understand the business proceedings of transporting the Xinjiang jade to inland China that are booming vigorously during the mid-Qianlong period from a broader perspective,and special attention shall be given to the meanings of the economic and social levels when examining the above-mentioned phenomena.The article evaluates the epoch factor of this Jade-rush(i.e.why the tide of chasing jade went high during mid-Qianlong period)and gives judge of various kinds of merchants that were active in such exchange,thus draws the outline of the"one-thousand-li Jade Road"and its functional networks to lead discussion about the meaning of this commercial behavior during the mid-Qianlong period.At the same time,based upon the fundamental historical facts of the business interactions of merchants between Southern Xinjiang Region and inland China,the paper clarifies the wrong understandings of previous study,and considers the point of view that there was segregation between Han people and the Muslims opening to dispute.