The general outline of China climate in 2011 can be characterized by words warm and dry. The annual mean temperature was 0. 5℃ higher than normal, which ranked the 15th consecutive warm year since 1997. The mean annual total precipitation over China was 556.8 mm, 9% less than normal, which ranked the least since 1951. In 2011, there had no severe large-scale persistent droughts and basin flooddisasters occurring in China, the losses related with low temperature and snow disasters, local strong con- vection weather, and tropical cyclones were less than normal. However, the regional and period meteoro- logical hazards were abrupt and frequent in 2011. In early 2011, North China, Yellow River and HuaiheRiver Basin （Huanghuai） experienced the most serious autumn-winter droughts in recent 41 years. The Middle and Lower Reaches o{ Yangtze River experienced the most serious winter-spring droughts in recent 60 years, and abrupt transition from drought to flooding appeared in June. The Southwest China experi-enced the most serious summer-autumn droughts in recent 60 years. The Huaxi （West China） and Huang- huai experienced the obviously regional distinct floods in autumn. The southern part of South China expe rienced comparatively serious rainstorm disasters in October. The heavy rainfall caused water logging andinundation in big cities such as Beijing during the summer and autumn. The persistent hot waves hit most parts of South China in summer, meanwhile the maximum temperature in multi-areas broke the historical record. The Typhoon Nesat and Muifa influenced wide areas in China and brought serious losses. In aword, the year 2011 has been a normal and relatively slight year in terms of meteorological disasters withrelatively more direct economic losses and the least death toll and affected areas since 1990.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据
