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2024年4月大气环流和天气分析

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2024年4月北半球极涡呈单极偏心型分布,中心位于新西伯利亚群岛西北洋面,强度偏强;中高纬环流呈四波型,我国基本为正距平,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,位置偏北。全国平均气温为13。2℃,较常年同期(11。5℃)偏高1。7℃;全国平均降水量为71。9 mm,较常年同期(43。6 mm)偏多65%,平均气温和降水量均为1961年以来历史同期第一。月内仅出现1次主要冷空气过程;10次强对流和7次大范围降水过程,均主要集中在南方且较常年偏多;6次沙尘过程影响北方地区,西南地区干旱阶段性发展。
Analysis of the April 2024 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather
The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in April 2024 are as follows.There existed one polar vortex center stronger than usual in the Northern Hemisphere,located on the ocean surface southwest of New Siberian Islands.The circulation in middle-high latitudes showed a four-wave pattern,and there was a positive anomaly of the geopotential height over China.The strength of western Pacific subtropical high was stronger and more northward than that in normal years.The monthly mean temperature was 13.2℃,1.7℃ higher than the normal value 11.5℃.The monthly average rainfall reached 79.1 mm,65%more than in normal period(43.6 mm),both of the average temperature and rain-fall peaked the record in the same period since 1961.During this month,there was only one major cold air event,ten severe convection processes and seven large-scale regional rainfall processes affecting China,these events were mainly concentrated in southern China with higher frequency than normal.In addition,six sand-dust events influenced the northern part of China,and the drought in Southwest China was developing in stages.

atmospheric circulationcold airtorrential rainsevere convectionsand-dust

严大春、方翀

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国家气象中心,北京 100081

大气环流 冷空气 暴雨 强对流 沙尘

国家气象中心青年基金项目

Q202409

2024

气象
国家气象中心

气象

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:2.337
ISSN:1000-0526
年,卷(期):2024.50(7)