首页|2023年9月19日阜宁致灾强龙卷多源观测分析

2023年9月19日阜宁致灾强龙卷多源观测分析

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2023年9月19日,黄淮和江淮地区自北向南出现了一次混合型强对流过程,并伴有多个龙卷。其中最强龙卷出现在江苏盐城阜宁,达到强龙卷(EF3级)级别,距其1。2 km的童营村观测到41。8 m·s-1(14级)极大风。利用地面观测资料、探空资料、S波段双偏振雷达等资料对阜宁强龙卷进行分析。结果表明:本次龙卷发生于西太平洋副热带高压与低空切变线之间的高温高湿辐合区中;低层锋面坡度较大,地面辐合线快速南移,配合极低的抬升凝结高度和对流抑制能量,较高的对流有效位能和垂直风切变的环境条件有利于形成龙卷。阜宁龙卷是典型的强降水超级单体龙卷,具有钩状回波、有界弱回波区和持久深厚的中气旋等特征,高耸倾斜的强回波伸展高度超过16 km。双偏振雷达观测到龙卷碎片特征(TDS)范围较大,表明龙卷强度大、破坏强;龙卷发生前和维持阶段,受强垂直风切变影响,钩状回波中差分反射率(ZDR)弧与强差分传播相移率(KDP)中心分离,形成的倾斜垂直环流有利于风暴维持和发展;TDS前侧出现低质心强降水回波,地面出现降水和降温后,ZDR弧和ZDR柱减弱消失,龙卷风暴快速减弱。
Analysis of Multi-Source Observation of the Disastrous Tornado in Funing County on 19 September 2023
One mixed severe convection process which was accompanied by tornadoes,occurred in Huang-Huai Region(Yellow River and Huaihe River)and Jiang-Huai Region(Yangtze River and Huaihe River)from north to south on 19 September 2023.Funing strong tornado(corresponding to EF3)was the stron-gest tornado,which was 1.2 km away from Tongying Village where extremely strong wind of 41.8 m·s-1(Scale 14)was observed.Based on the data from ground automatic weather stations and sounding stations,data from S-band dual-polarization radar,we analyze the Funing strong tornado in this paper.The results show that the tornado occurred in the strong warm and moist zone between the subtropical anticyclone and the low-level shear line.The slope of low-level front was large.The convergence line moved southward on the ground rapidly,combined with extremely low height of lifting condensation,low convective inhibition,high convective available potential energy and vertical wind shear.These conditions were favorable for the formation of tornadoes.The Funing strong tornado was a typical severe rainfall supercell tornado,charac-terized by hook echo,bounded weak echo region and deep strong meso-cyclone.The high,slanting,strong echo extended to the height over 16 km.Tornado debris signature(TDS)observed by dual-polariza-tion radar was wide,indicating the tornado was strong and destructive.Affected by strong vertical wind shear,the differential reflectivity(ZDR)arcs separated from the strong specific differential phase(KDP)center in the hook echo,and the inclined vertical circulation was conducive to the maintenance and develop-ment of the storm.Heavy precipitation echo with low centroid appeared in the front of TDS.After rainfall and temperature cooling appeared on the ground,ZDR arcs and ZDR columns weakened and disappeared,and then the tornado weakened rapidly.

supercellcold pooldual-polarization radartornado vortex signature(TVS)tornado debris signature(TDS)

杨祖祥、李萌萌、王磊、徐怡、赵素蓉

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安徽省气象台,合肥 230031

安徽省人工影响天气办公室,合肥 230031

江苏省气象台,南京 210008

中国气象局水文气象重点开放实验室,北京 100081

国家气象中心,北京 100081

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超级单体 冷池 双偏振雷达 龙卷涡旋特征 龙卷碎片特征

2024

气象
国家气象中心

气象

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:2.337
ISSN:1000-0526
年,卷(期):2024.50(12)