摘要
东京审判期间,辩护方对检察方关于日本发动侵华战争的指控,提出了"中国共产主义威胁论",以此来证明日本侵略中国是迫不得已的"自卫战争"."中国共产主义威胁论"包含三方面内容:一是中国共产党主张并领导反日运动,损害了日本在华居留民的利益;二是中国共产主义运动与苏联相结合,扩大了"赤化"地域,危及"满洲国"安全,威胁了日本的生命线;三是中国共产党倡导抗日民族统一战线,联蒋抗日,误解了日本"维持东亚和平,对中国无领土要求"的真意.辩护方在庭审期间提具的关于中国共产主义运动的书证及证言,源于战前及战时日本对内对外的欺骗宣传."中国共产主义威胁论"最终被法庭以"与本案无关"予以驳回,同时也遭到日本国内舆论的质疑与谴责.
Abstract
During the Tokyo Trial,to the charge that Japan launched war of aggression against China,the defense put forward the"Chinese Communism Threat"in order to prove that Japan's invasion of China was a necessary"war of self-defense".The Theory contains three aspects:firstly,the Communist Party of China was seen as a threat to Japanese residents in China due to their advocacy and leadership in anti-Japanese movements;secondly,the combination of the Chinese communist movement and the Soviet Union expanded"red"territories,endangering"Manchukuo"and threatening Japan's lifeline;thirdly,it was argued that the Communist Party of China misunderstood Japan's true intentions for"maintaining peace in East Asia and having no territorial claims on China"by advocating the national united front for the war of resistance against Japanese aggression as well as allying with Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan.The documentary evidence and testimonies presented by the defense during the trial about the communist movement in China came from pre-war and wartime Japanese deceptive propaganda both internally and externally.However,this theory was eventually rejected by the court as"irrelevant to the case"and it was also questioned and condemned by Japanese domestic public opinion.
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